Dąbkowska Izabela, Sobiech Lena, Czępińska Agata, Bęben Adam, Turżańska Karolina, Gawda Piotr
Interdisciplinary Scientific Group of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Student of Dentistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jun 17;14(12):4326. doi: 10.3390/jcm14124326.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are the most common cause of non-dental pain in the orofacial region. Due to the complex and multifactorial nature of TMD, a multidisciplinary approach is often required. The objective of this narrative review is to evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal therapies in the management of TMD. A literature search was performed using a combination of keywords: "TMD", "TMJ", "disorders", "manual therapy", "physical therapy", "dry needling", "botulinum toxin", "Botox", "splint", and "psychotherapy". The search was conducted in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases, focusing on studies involving human subjects. The included studies reported that the use of multimodal approaches-such as physiotherapy, botulinum toxin injections, occlusal splints, and/or psychotherapy-led to symptom improvement or complete resolution in patients with TMD. Temporomandibular disorders are complex conditions with a multifactorial etiology involving both somatic and psychological components. Given the wide range of symptoms and the functional connections of the temporomandibular joint with the nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems-including the cervical spine-effective treatment of TMD requires a multidisciplinary strategy.
颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMDs）是口面部非牙源性疼痛最常见的原因。由于TMD具有复杂和多因素的性质，通常需要多学科方法。本叙述性综述的目的是评估多模式疗法在TMD管理中的有效性。使用关键词组合进行文献检索：“TMD”、“颞下颌关节（TMJ）”、“紊乱病”、“手法治疗”、“物理治疗”、“干针疗法”、“肉毒杆菌毒素”、“保妥适（Botox）”、“咬合板”和“心理治疗”。检索在PubMed、谷歌学术和Scopus数据库中进行，重点是涉及人类受试者的研究。纳入的研究报告称，使用多模式方法，如物理治疗、肉毒杆菌毒素注射、咬合板和/或心理治疗，可使TMD患者的症状改善或完全缓解。颞下颌关节紊乱病是复杂的病症，其病因多因素，涉及躯体和心理成分。鉴于症状范围广泛以及颞下颌关节与神经、肌肉和骨骼系统（包括颈椎）的功能联系，TMD的有效治疗需要多学科策略。
