Sarmiento-González Paola, Moreno-Fergusson María Elisa, Rojas-Rivera Alejandra, Cuadros-Mojica Juan Alcides, Ramírez-Pulido Bibiana, Sánchez-Herrera Beatriz
School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250001, Colombia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 12455, Chile.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 May 29;22(6):849. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22060849.
Nutritional health is essential for older people with dementia. Their feeding is a challenge for which caregivers are not always ready, and an intervention that supports them may have a significant social impact. The aim of this project is to design and evaluate the impact of systematic nursing intervention with formal caregivers to promote nutritional health for older people with dementia. This is a "Nursing Methodology Research" study conducted with formal caregivers of older people with dementia in four Colombian nursing homes. It includes three consecutive phases: (1) systematic intervention design under Whittemore and Grey's parameters, (2) intervention validation with seven international experts, and (3) measurement of intervention impact, which included a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design. The "Nurturing Neurons-Formal Caregivers" intervention met the criteria of systematic health interventions. In response to the work and personal requirements of formal caregivers, the intervention used a tele-support modality. Its content validity ratio (CVR) ranged from 0.88 to 0.92; its content validity index (CVI) was 0.90. The experience was positive for the participant caregivers (94.9%) and professional providers (92.5%). The overall caregivers' caring competence changed from the medium, 78.1, to the high category, 91.5 ( < 0.001). Their perceived burden of care changed from 70.4 to 63.6 ( < 0.001). In conclusion, "Nurturing Neurons-Formal Caregivers" achieved a positive impact, with changes in the structure, processes, and outputs to promote the nutritional health of older people with dementia. It led to a significant improvement in formal caregivers' caring competence and decreased their perceived care burden. Its cost-benefit was favorable; it generated health equity for a vulnerable population and achieved unexpected benefits in the context.
营养健康对于患有痴呆症的老年人至关重要。他们的进食是一项挑战，护理人员对此并不总是做好了准备，而一项支持他们的干预措施可能会产生重大的社会影响。本项目的目的是设计并评估与正式护理人员进行的系统性护理干预对促进痴呆症老年人营养健康的影响。这是一项在哥伦比亚的四家养老院中对痴呆症老年人的正式护理人员开展的“护理方法研究”。它包括三个连续阶段：(1) 根据惠特莫尔和格雷的参数进行系统性干预设计，(2) 由七位国际专家进行干预验证，(3) 测量干预效果，其中包括准实验性的前测-后测设计。“滋养神经元-正式护理人员”干预符合系统性健康干预的标准。为了满足正式护理人员的工作和个人需求，该干预采用了远程支持模式。其内容效度比率（CVR）在0.88至0.92之间；其内容效度指数（CVI）为0.90。该经历对参与的护理人员（94.9%）和专业服务提供者（92.5%）来说是积极的。护理人员的总体护理能力从中等水平（78.1）提升到了高水平（91.5）（<0.001）。他们感知到的护理负担从70.4降至63.6（<0.001）。总之，“滋养神经元-正式护理人员”产生了积极影响，在结构、过程和结果方面都有变化，以促进痴呆症老年人的营养健康。它使正式护理人员的护理能力得到显著提高，并减轻了他们感知到的护理负担。其成本效益良好；它为弱势群体带来了健康公平，并在该背景下取得了意想不到的益处。
