Carli Erika, Salsecci Ester, Calleo Roberta, Baldi Ileana
Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
San Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory, Padua, Italy.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Jun 3;12:1602474. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1602474. eCollection 2025.
Pelger-Huët anomaly (PHA) is a benign congenital hematological disorder first observed in humans and occasionally reported in dogs. It has been mainly described in Australian Shepherd Dog (ASD) with a prevalence of 9.8-13% where, based on a genetic study, it was recently renamed hyposegmentation of granulocytes (HG). Prevalences in other canine breeds have not been documented. This study aims to: (1) estimate the prevalence of HG/PHA across various breeds, (2) quantify the uncertainty of the estimated values using a Bayesian approach, and (3) identify affected breeds not previously documented. This cross-sectional study was based on the CBC database of the San Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory (Padua, Italy) from 2001 to 2024. Data were collected from dogs diagnosed with HG/PHA and breeds previously reported as affected. To handle limited data and provide reliable estimates, Bayesian analysis was performed to estimate the prevalence of the anomaly and its uncertainty, using posterior probabilities from an informative prior model. The analysis adhered to the Bayesian Analysis Reporting Guidelines (BARG). The study included 5,716 dogs: German Shepherd (GS, 40%), Dachshund (DA, 22.6%), Cocker Spaniel (CS, 17.3%), Border Collie (BC, 9.5%), ASD (5.9%), Samoyed (SA, 2.2%), Boston Terrier (BT, 1.6%), Australian Cattle Dog (ACD, 0.7%) and Basenji (BA, 0.2%). Overall, HG/PHA was found in 0.45% dogs, specifically in ASD (7.1%), SA (0.8%) and DA (0.08%) and not in the other breeds. The prevalence estimates were 6.47% in ASD with 95% Credible Interval (95% CrI) from 4.22 to 9.18%, 0.32% (95% CrI: 0.04, 1.11%) in SA, 0.2% (95% CrI: 0.02, 0.86%) in BA, 0.18% (95% CrI: 0.02, 0.77%) in ACD, 0.16% (95% CrI: 0.02, 0.64%) in BT, 0.11% (95% CrI: 0.02, 0.30%) in DA, 0.10% (95% CrI: 0.01, 0.34%) in BC, 0.08% (95% CrI: 0.01, 0.25%) in CS, 0.05% (95% CrI: 0.01, 0.15%) in GS. HG/PHA was newly identified in DA. This study, using laboratory data collected over two decades and analyzed with Bayesian methods, could be considered representative of the prevalence of HG/PHA in multiple canine breeds. It is the first study to estimate the prevalence of HG/PHA beyond ASD, highlighting breed-specific differences in a real-world setting.
佩尔格-许特异常（PHA）是一种良性先天性血液系统疾病，最早在人类中被观察到，偶尔也在犬类中报道。它主要在澳大利亚牧羊犬（ASD）中被描述，患病率为9.8%-13%，基于一项基因研究，最近它被重新命名为粒细胞分叶过少（HG）。其他犬种的患病率尚未有记录。本研究旨在：（1）估计不同犬种中HG/PHA的患病率；（2）使用贝叶斯方法量化估计值的不确定性；（3）识别以前未记录的受影响犬种。这项横断面研究基于圣马可兽医诊所和实验室（意大利帕多瓦）2001年至2024年期间的全血细胞计数（CBC）数据库。数据收集自被诊断为HG/PHA的犬只以及先前报道受影响的犬种。为了处理有限的数据并提供可靠的估计，进行了贝叶斯分析，使用信息先验模型的后验概率来估计该异常的患病率及其不确定性。该分析遵循贝叶斯分析报告指南（BARG）。该研究包括5716只犬：德国牧羊犬（GS，40%）、腊肠犬（DA，22.6%）、可卡犬（CS，17.3%）、边境牧羊犬（BC，9.5%）、澳大利亚牧羊犬（ASD，5.9%）、萨摩耶犬（SA，2.2%）、波士顿梗犬（BT，1.6%）、澳大利亚牧牛犬（ACD，0.7%）和巴仙吉犬（BA，0.2%）。总体而言，在0.45%的犬只中发现了HG/PHA，具体为ASD（7.1%）、SA（0.8%）和DA（0.08%），其他犬种未发现。ASD的患病率估计为6.47%，95%可信区间（95% CrI）为4.22%至9.18%；SA为0.32%（95% CrI：0.04，1.11%）；BA为0.2%（95% CrI：0.02，0.86%）；ACD为0.18%（95% CrI：0.02，0.77%）；BT为0.16%（95% CrI：0.02，0.64%）；DA为0.11%（95% CrI：0.02，0.30%）；BC为0.10%（95% CrI：0.01，0.34%）；CS为0.08%（95% CrI：0.01，0.25%）；GS为0.05%（95% CrI：0.01，0.15%）。HG/PHA在DA中是新发现的。这项研究使用了二十多年来收集的实验室数据并通过贝叶斯方法进行分析，可以被认为代表了多个犬种中HG/PHA的患病率。这是第一项估计ASD以外HG/PHA患病率的研究，突出了现实环境中特定犬种的差异。
