The trophotaenial placenta of a viviparous goodeid fish. I. Ultrastructure of the internal ovarian epithelium, the maternal component.

Embryos of goodeid fishes develop to term within the ovarian lumen, where they undergo considerable increase in weight due to transfer of maternal nutrients across a trophotaenial placenta. The placenta consists of an embryonic component, the trophotaeniae, and a maternal component, the ovarian lining. The latter was examined by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and light microscopy in both gravid and nongravid ovaries of the viviparous goodeid fish, Ameca splendens. The single median ovary of A. splendens is a hollow structure whose lumen is divided into lateral chambers by a highly folded longitudinal ovarian septum. Germinal tissue occurs within folds of the ovarian lining that extend into each of the two lateral chambers. Matrotrophic embryonic development takes place within ovarian chambers. During gestation, the lining of the ovarian lumen is in direct apposition to body surfaces and trophotaenial epithelia of developing embryos. The ovarian lining consists of a simple cuboidal epithelium, termed the internal ovarian epithelium (IOE), overlying a well-vascularized bed of connective tissue. Cells of the IOE are apically convex. Well-developed granular and agranular endoplasmic reticula and numerous large membrane-bound vesicles with electron-dense content occupy the apical cytoplasm of IOE cells. Two functional states of the same cell type are distinguished within the IOE. Phase I cells contain few, if any, large apically situated vesicles; Phase II cells contain many. Secretory products of the IOE are presumed to be an important source of nutrients for embryonic development. Structural and functional relationships of the IOE to the trophotaenial epithelium of developing embryos are discussed in relation to maternal-embryonic nutrient transfer processes.