Kresnik Lan, Majerič Peter, Feizpour Darja, Rudolf Rebeka
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Zlatarna Celje d.o.o., 3000 Celje, Slovenia.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Jun 9;18(12):2713. doi: 10.3390/ma18122713.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesised using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) with the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilising agent and subsequently dried via lyophilisation. The resulting dried AuNPs were redispersed in ethanol and homogenised to ensure uniform dispersion. This AuNP dispersion was then deposited onto a ceramic substrate-aluminum oxide (AlO)-using plasma jet printing. Comprehensive characterisation of the dispersion, AuNPs, and the resulting printed lines was performed using the following methods: inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), measurements of dispersion viscosity and printed line roughness. ICP-OES confirmed consistent gold content in the AuNP dispersion, while the SEM and EDS analyses revealed predominantly spherical AuNPs with minimal aggregation and similar size distributions. TEM, SAED, and STEM/EDS confirmed that the crystalline structure and elemental composition of the AuNPs had diverse morphologies and strong gold signals. The UV-Vis, DLS, and zeta potential measurements indicated moderate colloidal stability, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) verified the AuNPs dispersion's composition. The AuNP dispersion exhibited thixotropic behaviour favourable for printing applications, while confocal microscopy confirmed smooth, uniform printed traces, with an average surface line roughness of 1.65 µm. The successful use of plasma printing with the AuNP dispersion highlights its potential for functional material applications in electronics.
使用超声喷雾热解（USP）合成金纳米颗粒（AuNP），并添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）作为稳定剂，随后通过冻干进行干燥。将所得干燥的AuNP重新分散在乙醇中并均质化以确保均匀分散。然后使用等离子体喷射印刷将这种AuNP分散体沉积在陶瓷基板 - 氧化铝（AlO）上。使用以下方法对分散体、AuNP和所得印刷线路进行全面表征：电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP - OES）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、选区电子衍射（SAED）、扫描透射电子显微镜（STEM）、能量色散X射线光谱法（EDS）、紫外可见光谱法（UV - Vis）、动态光散射（DLS）、分散体粘度测量和印刷线路粗糙度测量。ICP - OES证实了AuNP分散体中金含量的一致性，而SEM和EDS分析显示主要为球形AuNP，聚集极少且尺寸分布相似。TEM、SAED和STEM/EDS证实了AuNP的晶体结构和元素组成具有多种形态且金信号强烈。UV - Vis、DLS和zeta电位测量表明具有适度的胶体稳定性，热重分析（TGA）验证了AuNP分散体的组成。AuNP分散体表现出有利于印刷应用的触变行为，而共聚焦显微镜证实了印刷痕迹光滑、均匀，平均表面线路粗糙度为1.65 µm。AuNP分散体成功用于等离子体印刷突出了其在电子学中功能材料应用的潜力。
