Fouesnard Mélanie, Salin Adélie, Ribes Sandy, Monnoye Magali, Champeil-Potokar Gaëlle, Hjeij Marie-Sabelle, Randuineau Gwénaëlle, Gleau Léa Le, Ben Fradj Selma, Philippe Catherine, Benani Alexandre, Denis Isabelle, Douard Véronique, Boudry Gaëlle
Institut Numecan, INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.
Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug;12(32):e01214. doi: 10.1002/advs.202501214. Epub 2025 Jun 26.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Alternating periods of excessive and restrained eating results in weight cycling ('yo-yo' effect), a suspected risk factor for eating behavior dysregulation such as binge eating. The hypothesis that recurrent diet alternation alters hedonic feeding regulation by changing either or both intestinal microbiota and brain neuronal and glial regulation in mouse is tested.
C57BL/6 mice undergo 3 cycles of 1 week of western diet (WD) separated by 2 weeks of chow diet (CYCL group) or remain under chow diet (CTRL group).
CYCL mice exhibit weight cycling, with enhanced weight gain upon each WD feeding phase and increased energy intake specifically during the first hours following WD re-introduction, reminiscent of binge-eating episodes. Expression of reward-related genes in the striatum and thickness of the astro-glial barrier in the brain stem is enhanced in CYCL mice. Diet alternation induces caecal dysbiosis in CYCL mice. Gut microbiota transfer from CYCL mice to naive recipient mice recapitulates the altered eating behavior upon WD exposure.
Alternation between high-energy and standard diets is established to durably remodel the gut microbiota and the brain toward a profile associated with an increase in hedonic appetite and that this microbiota signature affects hedonic feeding regulation.
过度进食和节制饮食交替会导致体重循环（“溜溜球”效应），这被怀疑是暴饮暴食等饮食行为失调的风险因素。本研究检验了反复饮食交替通过改变小鼠肠道微生物群以及大脑神经元和神经胶质调节中的一种或两种来改变享乐性进食调节的假说。
C57BL/6小鼠经历3个周期，每个周期为1周的西式饮食（WD），中间间隔2周的普通饮食（CYCL组），或一直保持普通饮食（CTRL组）。
CYCL组小鼠表现出体重循环，每次WD喂养阶段体重增加增强，特别是在重新引入WD后的最初几个小时内能量摄入增加，这让人联想到暴饮暴食发作。CYCL组小鼠纹状体中与奖励相关基因的表达以及脑干中星形胶质屏障的厚度增加。饮食交替导致CYCL组小鼠盲肠微生物群失调。将CYCL组小鼠的肠道微生物群转移到未接触过该菌群的受体小鼠身上，重现了WD暴露后改变的进食行为。
高能饮食和标准饮食之间的交替被证实会持久地重塑肠道微生物群和大脑，使其呈现出与享乐性食欲增加相关的特征，并且这种微生物群特征会影响享乐性进食调节。
