Duraisamy Santhosh Kumar, Sundar Isaac Kirubakaran
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Jul 9;117(7). doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf097.
Food allergies, particularly peanut allergies, are on the rise, affecting ∼10% of the U.S. population and 17% of adults. We explored sex-based differences in inflammatory responses to peanut allergens using a mouse model. Female mice exhibited severe allergic symptoms and a greater drop in body temperature than males when challenged with peanut extract and cholera toxin. Females showed higher levels of interstitial macrophages and neutrophils, while males showed increased eosinophil and lymphocyte influx. Elevated cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-9) in females correlate with increased IgE and histamine, indicating heightened mast cell activation. Reduced expression of the circadian gene Rev-erbα in female intestines post-challenge suggests a link between inflammatory responses and circadian disruption. IgE/mast cell and IgG/neutrophil-mediated pathways appeared to be involved in female responses. These findings suggest that hormonal and circadian influences may play critical roles in sex-based differences in peanut allergen, with further investigation needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
食物过敏，尤其是花生过敏，正在上升，影响着约10%的美国人口和17%的成年人。我们使用小鼠模型探索了对花生过敏原炎症反应中的性别差异。在用花生提取物和霍乱毒素攻击时，雌性小鼠表现出比雄性更严重的过敏症状和更大的体温下降。雌性小鼠的间质巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞水平更高，而雄性小鼠的嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞流入增加。雌性小鼠中升高的细胞因子（IL-4、IL-5和IL-9）与IgE和组胺增加相关，表明肥大细胞活化增强。攻击后雌性肠道中昼夜节律基因Rev-erbα的表达降低，表明炎症反应与昼夜节律紊乱之间存在联系。IgE/肥大细胞和IgG/中性粒细胞介导的途径似乎参与了雌性的反应。这些发现表明，激素和昼夜节律影响可能在花生过敏原的性别差异中起关键作用，需要进一步研究以阐明潜在机制。
