Oh Chiwoo, Jung Han Na, Park Jiwoo, Awad John Mark, Jiang Dawei, Dowling David J, Im Hyung-Jun
Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.
ACS Nano. 2025 Jul 8;19(26):23491-23516. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c04836. Epub 2025 Jun 27.
The spleen, which is the largest lymphoid organ, contains various immune cells and plays a crucial role in immunological responses. Because nanoparticles have a natural characteristic of being taken up by reticuloendothelial system (RES) organs, including the spleen, various spleen-targeting nanomedicine strategies have been developed for immunomodulatory therapies. Herein, we review the biological role of the spleen as part of the immune system, types of spleen-targeting nanoparticles, considerations for engineering both current and innovative spleen-targeting strategies, and their therapeutic potential in various diseases, including tumors and autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of systems immunology based approaches, including spatial transcriptomics, in achieving a comprehensive understanding of spleen-targeting strategies using nanomedicine.
脾脏是最大的淋巴器官，包含多种免疫细胞，在免疫反应中发挥关键作用。由于纳米颗粒具有被包括脾脏在内的网状内皮系统（RES）器官摄取的天然特性，因此已开发出各种脾脏靶向纳米药物策略用于免疫调节治疗。在此，我们综述脾脏作为免疫系统一部分的生物学作用、脾脏靶向纳米颗粒的类型、当前和创新脾脏靶向策略的工程设计考量，以及它们在包括肿瘤和自身免疫性疾病在内的各种疾病中的治疗潜力。此外，我们讨论基于系统免疫学的方法（包括空间转录组学）在全面理解使用纳米药物的脾脏靶向策略方面的重要性。
