Cervical cancer pathology and vaginal and gut microbiota: conception of the association.

The role of gut and vaginal microbiota has been examined as potential markers in the progression of cervical cancer and inspired heightened attention. We attempted to identify the current status, the influence of changing trends in the gut and vaginal microbiota, and their impact on cervical cancer. All publications were searched in online databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Google Scholar using the keywords "cervical cancer," "vaginal microbiota," "gut microbiota," "dysbiosis," "cervical intraepithelial neoplasia," and "HPV." Growing evidence that gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in many diseases has attracted many researchers. The vaginal microbiome is a micro-ecosystem complex that undergoes continuous fluctuations throughout a woman's life. Decrease in Lactobacilli spp. Levels can lead to an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria, resulting in bacterial vaginosis that accounts for adverse health outcomes, including increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections, including human papillomavirus, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, leading to cervical cancer. Thus, dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance of beneficial and harmful bacteria, can negatively affect health. Understanding the intricate interactions between the microbiota and cervical cancer can provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies and the development of preventive measures.