Savaşkan Gönül Selin, Menteşe Sibel, Ayçin Ejder, Pamucar Dragan
Department of Economics, Faculty of Political Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Türkiye.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Türkiye.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Aug;390:126325. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126325. Epub 2025 Jun 26.
The world has been facing a very hot-spot global problem called "climate change" due to the increased atmospheric temperature and some indicators resulting from warming due to fossil fuel consumption to supply the energy demand. Therefore, central governments and non-governmental initiatives have mandated or encouraged energy management practices. The primary objective of this research is to manage the complex decision-making process effectively, which involves multiple stakeholders, particularly governments and non-governmental initiatives, within the challenging context of climate change. The decision-making processes in energy and environmental management are inherently complex due to the involvement of heterogeneous stakeholders (governments and non-government initiatives) with potentially divergent objectives and priorities. Modeling these interdependent strategic interactions in a realistic yet tractable manner poses a significant challenge. We address this challenge by developing a hybrid decision-making framework that combines fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques with two-player, non-zero-sum game theory. The contribution of stakeholders (government and non-governmental initiatives) on energy and environmental management was estimated for the following three criteria determined in this study: (i) increasing environmental management system (EMS) applications, (ii) promoting the circular economy (CE) concept for material and energy flows, and (iii) increasing the proportion of renewable energy (RE) resources to meet the energy demand. The strategies to be applied by both stakeholders were evaluated using fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) analysis according to the evaluations obtained through three experts in the environmental engineering discipline. Subsequent to the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) phase, the game theory methodology was employed, taking into account the Nash equilibrium concept to ascertain optimal strategies for both stakeholders engaged in the simultaneously played game. Furthermore, the sequential game version is examined by utilizing the technique of backward induction. The findings indicate that in all constructed games, government and non-governmental initiatives preferred to increase the use of RE resources or increase public awareness of the materials' life cycle assessment (LCA) or else promote the integration of EMS conception in any process. These results are intended to contribute to both energy and environmental management processes.
由于大气温度上升以及化石燃料消耗导致变暖所产生的一些指标，世界一直面临着一个非常棘手的全球问题，即“气候变化”。因此，中央政府和非政府倡议机构已强制要求或鼓励实施能源管理措施。本研究的主要目标是在气候变化这一具有挑战性的背景下，有效管理涉及多个利益相关者（特别是政府和非政府倡议机构）的复杂决策过程。能源和环境管理中的决策过程本质上是复杂的，因为涉及到具有潜在不同目标和优先事项的异质利益相关者（政府和非政府倡议）。以现实且易于处理的方式对这些相互依存的战略互动进行建模是一项重大挑战。我们通过开发一个混合决策框架来应对这一挑战，该框架将模糊多准则决策（MCDM）技术与两人非零和博弈论相结合。针对本研究确定的以下三个标准，估计了利益相关者（政府和非政府倡议机构）对能源和环境管理的贡献：（i）增加环境管理体系（EMS）的应用，（ii）促进物质和能量流的循环经济（CE）概念，以及（iii）增加可再生能源（RE）资源的比例以满足能源需求。根据环境工程学科的三位专家获得的评估结果，使用模糊多准则决策（MCDM）分析对两个利益相关者都要应用的策略进行了评估。在多准则决策（MCDM）阶段之后，采用博弈论方法，考虑纳什均衡概念来确定同时进行博弈的两个利益相关者的最优策略。此外，利用逆向归纳技术研究了序贯博弈版本。研究结果表明，在所有构建的博弈中，政府和非政府倡议机构更倾向于增加可再生能源资源的使用，或者提高公众对材料生命周期评估（LCA）的认识，或者在任何过程中促进环境管理体系概念的整合。这些结果旨在为能源和环境管理过程做出贡献。
