Lucerón-Lucas-Torres Maribel, Guzmán-Pavón María José, Ruiz-Grao Marta C, di Lorenzo Chiara, Lorenzo-García Patricia, Cavero-Redondo Iván, Álvarez-Bueno Celia
Health and Social Research Center, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 16002 Cuenca, Spain.
Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain.
Nutr Rev. 2025 Jun 28. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaf078.
Moderate alcohol use has been shown in prior research to significantly lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a major public health problem.
The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of wine consumption on glucose, insulin, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and body mass index (BMI), some of the most important cardiovascular parameters associated with metabolic syndrome.
To perform this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched the MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from their inception until March 14, 2025.
A total of 2145 articles were identified by the search, from which 18 studies were selected for the systematic review and meta-analysis.
The DerSimonian and Laird methods were used to determine the mean differences (MDs) of the different parameters included. The risk of bias assessment was assessed via the Rob2 and ROBINS-I tools, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool (GRADE) certainty assessment was also performed. The pooled MD value of pre-post studies assessing the effects of wine consumption on the studied factors was -1.49 (95% CI: -3.40, 0.41) mg/dL for glucose, -1.45 (95% CI: -4.53, 1.64) μU/mL for insulin, -1.22 (95% CI: -2.08, -0.37) mmHg for SBP, -0.18 (95% CI: -2.62, 2.25) mmHg for DBP, and -0.40 (95% CI: -1.27, 0.46) kg/m2 for BMI. The pooled MD value of randomized controlled trial and crossover studies for the effect of wine on the studied factors was 1.98 (95% CI: -0.17, 4.13) mg/dL for glucose, -1.34 (95% CI: -2.27, 0.40) μU/mL for insulin, 0.10 (95% CI: -0.07, 0.26) mmHg for SBP, 0.34 (95% CI: -1.70, 2.37) mmHg for DBP, and 0.62 (95% CI: -0.31, 1.56) kg/m2 for BMI.
This systematic review and meta-analysis did not reveal any effect of wine intake on glucose, insulin, DBP, or BMI; a significant effect of wine consumption on SBP was only found in pre-post studies and insulin in clinical trials. Future studies of possible effects of wine consumption on cardiovascular parameters associated with metabolic syndrome should take into account types of wine and quantities consumed.
PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023396666.
先前的研究表明，适度饮酒可显著降低心血管疾病和代谢综合征的风险。代谢综合征是一个主要的公共卫生问题。
本研究的目的是分析饮用葡萄酒对葡萄糖、胰岛素、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）和体重指数（BMI）的影响，这些是与代谢综合征相关的一些最重要的心血管参数。
为了进行这项系统评价和荟萃分析，我们检索了MEDLINE、Scopus、Cochrane图书馆和科学网数据库，检索时间从各数据库创建至2025年3月14日。
通过检索共识别出2145篇文章，从中选择了18项研究进行系统评价和荟萃分析。
采用DerSimonian和Laird方法确定所纳入不同参数的平均差异（MDs）。通过Rob2和ROBINS-I工具评估偏倚风险，并进行推荐分级、评估、制定和评价工具（GRADE）确定性评估。评估饮用葡萄酒对研究因素影响的前后研究的合并MD值，葡萄糖为-1.49（95%CI：-3.40，0.41）mg/dL，胰岛素为-1.45（95%CI：-4.53，1.64）μU/mL，SBP为-1.22（95%CI：-2.08，-0.37）mmHg，DBP为-0.18（95%CI：-2.62，2.（此处原文有误，应为2.25）25）mmHg，BMI为-0.40（95%CI：-1.27，0.46）kg/m²。关于葡萄酒对研究因素影响的随机对照试验和交叉研究的合并MD值，葡萄糖为1.98（95%CI：-0.17，4.13）mg/dL，胰岛素为-1.34（95%CI：-2.27，0.40）μU/mL，SBP为0.10（95%CI：-0.07，0.26）mmHg，DBP为0.34（95%CI：-1.70，2.37）mmHg，BMI为0.62（95%CI：-0.31，1.56）kg/m²。
这项系统评价和荟萃分析未发现饮用葡萄酒对葡萄糖、胰岛素、DBP或BMI有任何影响；仅在前后研究中发现饮用葡萄酒对SBP有显著影响，在临床试验中对胰岛素有显著影响。未来关于饮用葡萄酒对与代谢综合征相关的心血管参数可能影响的研究应考虑葡萄酒的类型和饮用量。
PROSPERO注册号CRD42023396666。
