Zhao Lin-Xing, Lei Hong-Ping, Wang Yan-He, Liu Fu-Tian, Xu De-Zhong, Xia Fa-Zhang, Cui Bao-Zu, Li De-Zhong
Xining Center of Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, China Geological Survey, Xining 810007, China.
Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), School of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2025 Jun 8;46(6):3890-3901. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202404210.
In order to explore the status and sources of soil heavy metal pollution around typical industrial parks in the upper reaches of the Yellow River， 377 surface soil samples were systematically collected from an important industrial park in Zhongwei area， Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region， and the content characteristics of the eight heavy metal elements As， Hg， Cr， Ni， Pb， Cd， Co， and Mn in the soil were analyzed. Single-factor pollution index， ground accumulation index， Nemerow index， pollution load index， and potential ecological risk index were used to comprehensively evaluate the soil heavy metal pollution level and potential ecological risk in the study area. Multivariate statistical analysis and the absolute principal component multiple linear regression （APCS-MLR） model were employed to quantitatively identify the sources of heavy metals in the soil. The results showed that the content of heavy metals in soil decreased from southwest to northeast. The average contents of Hg， Cr， Pb， Cd， and Mn were higher than the background values of soil from Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The spatial distribution of Hg and Cd was different， and they were significantly affected by human activities. The soil was slightly polluted and presented a medium ecological risk level in the study area. The content of Hg and Cd in the soil was relatively high， which were the main elements causing soil pollution. The results of APCS-MLR modelling showed that the dominant sources of heavy metals were natural sources （50.6%）， industrial sources and fossil fuel combustion combined sources （27.9%）， and agricultural sources （21.5%）. The findings can provide important basis for soil pollution control and land use optimization in the region and serve the national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.
为探究黄河上游典型工业园区周边土壤重金属污染状况及来源，在宁夏回族自治区中卫地区某重要工业园区系统采集了377个表层土壤样品，分析了土壤中砷（As）、汞（Hg）、铬（Cr）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、钴（Co）和锰（Mn）这8种重金属元素的含量特征。采用单因子污染指数、地累积指数、内梅罗指数、污染负荷指数和潜在生态风险指数对研究区土壤重金属污染水平及潜在生态风险进行综合评价。运用多元统计分析和绝对主成分多元线性回归（APCS-MLR）模型定量识别土壤中重金属的来源。结果表明，土壤中重金属含量由西南向东北递减。汞、铬、铅、镉和锰的平均含量高于宁夏回族自治区土壤背景值。汞和镉的空间分布不同，且受人类活动影响显著。研究区土壤轻度污染，呈现中等生态风险水平。土壤中汞和镉含量相对较高，是造成土壤污染的主要元素。APCS-MLR模型结果显示，重金属的主要来源为自然源（50.6%）、工业源与化石燃料燃烧复合源（27.9%）和农业源（21.5%）。研究结果可为该区域土壤污染防治和土地利用优化提供重要依据，服务黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展国家战略。
