Nuno Sérgio Loureiro, Romero-Morales Carlos, López-López Daniel, Losa-Iglesias Marta Elena, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo Ricardo, Gómez-Salgado Juan, Guerra João, Saavedra-García Miguel Ángel
Research, Health, and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Industrial Campus of Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain.
Department of Physiotherapy, Health and Technology Research Center, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Int Wound J. 2025 Jul;22(7):e70715. doi: 10.1111/iwj.70715.
Functional tests commonly assess athletes' readiness to return to sports after knee surgery. Despite this, there are still more studies on clinical and patient-reported outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine differences and combinations of various functional performances within and between athletes 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-reconstruction (ACLR) for the first time (ACLR-I group) versus second ACL injury on the same knee (ACLR-II group) versus ACLR procedures on both legs (ACLR-III group). A total of 88 patients with ACLR performed single-leg hop (maximum forward distance hop, SLH; side hop > 40 cm in 30 s, SH), Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and dynamic postural balance (Y Balance Test - YBT). Data were recorded during return-to-sport testing (6 months post-surgery). For each variable, a mixed-model analysis of variance, with a between-subjects factor of group (primary ACL injury, recurrent ACL injury and bilateral ACL injury) and a within-subjects factor of limb (involved, uninvolved), were conducted. Differences between the groups were found in different degrees of inter-limb asymmetry in the single-leg hop (p < 0.001) and side hop test (p < 0.02). There was a main effect of limb for the anterior and posteromedial YBT distances, and the single-leg hop and side hop test distances (p ≤ 0.04). For each variable, performance was worse for the involved limb compared to the uninvolved limb. Individuals after recurrent ACLR showed greater functional asymmetries at 6 months of treatment. Jumping tests detected greater performance deficits compared to YBT and FMS.
功能测试通常用于评估运动员膝关节手术后恢复运动的准备情况。尽管如此,关于临床和患者报告结局的研究仍然更多。本研究的目的是确定首次前交叉韧带(ACL)重建(ACLR-I组)、同一膝关节第二次ACL损伤(ACLR-II组)以及双腿进行ACLR手术(ACLR-III组)的运动员在术后6个月内以及不同组之间各种功能表现的差异和组合情况。共有88例接受ACLR手术的患者进行了单腿跳(最大向前距离跳跃,SLH;30秒内侧跳>40厘米,SH)、功能性动作筛查(FMS)和动态姿势平衡测试(Y平衡测试 - YBT)。在恢复运动测试(术后6个月)期间记录数据。对于每个变量,进行了方差混合模型分析,其中组间因素为组别(初次ACL损伤、复发性ACL损伤和双侧ACL损伤),组内因素为肢体(患侧、健侧)。在单腿跳(p<0.001)和侧跳测试(p<0.02)中,不同组间存在不同程度的肢体间不对称差异。对于前侧和后内侧YBT距离、单腿跳和侧跳测试距离,肢体存在主效应(p≤0.04)。对于每个变量,患侧肢体的表现均比健侧肢体差。复发性ACLR后的个体在治疗6个月时表现出更大的功能不对称。与YBT和FMS相比,跳跃测试检测到更大的表现缺陷。