Shah Kiramat Ali, Razzaq Anam, Ali Tariq, Ullah Saeed, You Bengang, Iqbal Haroon, Cui Jing-Hao
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Renai Road 199, SIP, Suzhou City, 215213, China.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China.
Med Oncol. 2025 Jun 30;42(8):305. doi: 10.1007/s12032-025-02862-7.
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally, and despite numerous available treatment modalities, the 5-year survival rate for LC patients remains approximately 20%. A large proportion of LC patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, and conventional treatments frequently exhibit poor efficacy and are often associated with numerous side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies to meet the needs of LC patients. Recent advances in nanotechnology have opened new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of LC, particularly through the use of nanoparticles (NPs) as a drug delivery system, which offer enhanced therapeutic potential. Due to their unique physicochemical properties, NPs are widely employed in LC drug delivery systems. They can efficiently load pharmaceuticals and specifically target cancer cells to enhance diagnostics and treatment. Additionally, NPs can encapsulate multiple therapeutic agents, including targeted molecules and photosensitive reagents. Despite the substantial promise of nanotechnology in LC treatment, several challenges remain in its clinical application. This review represents a comprehensive overview of LC, encompassing risk factors, types, stages, mechanisms, and traditional treatment strategies. Furthermore, we thoroughly emphasized the current nanotechnology-based diagnostics and therapies for LC. In summary, the ongoing advancement of drug delivery systems highlights the potential of nanotechnology to enhance traditional LC treatments and facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies. Future research will focus on optimizing the unique properties of various NPs to enhance treatment outcomes and offer personalized therapeutic strategies, ultimately improving the prognosis and quality of life for LC patients.
肺癌（LC）是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一，尽管有多种可用的治疗方式，但LC患者的5年生存率仍约为20%。很大一部分LC患者在晚期被诊断出来，传统治疗往往疗效不佳，且常伴有多种副作用。因此，迫切需要创新的治疗策略来满足LC患者的需求。纳米技术的最新进展为LC的诊断和治疗开辟了新途径，特别是通过使用纳米颗粒（NPs）作为药物递送系统，其具有更高的治疗潜力。由于其独特的物理化学性质，NPs被广泛应用于LC药物递送系统。它们可以有效地负载药物并特异性地靶向癌细胞，以增强诊断和治疗效果。此外，NPs可以封装多种治疗剂，包括靶向分子和光敏试剂。尽管纳米技术在LC治疗中有很大前景，但其临床应用仍存在一些挑战。本综述全面概述了LC，包括危险因素、类型、阶段、机制和传统治疗策略。此外，我们详细强调了当前基于纳米技术的LC诊断和治疗方法。总之，药物递送系统的不断进步凸显了纳米技术增强传统LC治疗和促进新治疗策略发展的潜力。未来的研究将集中于优化各种NPs的独特性质，以提高治疗效果并提供个性化治疗策略，最终改善LC患者的预后和生活质量。
