Fu Xiaozong, Huang Panwen, Zhang Yuting, Li Yanchang, Hu Shichang
Preventive Health Care Department, Dongguan People's Hospital Xiegang Branch, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Jun 16;16:1576069. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1576069. eCollection 2025.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory tract infections, particularly in infants and the older population, with limited effective treatments available. Cordycepin, lactoferrin, and Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides (CLS) are natural compounds with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of CLS in RSV infection.
A murine model of RSV infection was used to evaluate the effects of CLS. Lung pathology was assessed by lung index, histology, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) albumin and LDH levels. Viral load was measured by RSV mRNA and protein expression. Alveolar macrophage depletion was achieved using clodronate liposomes, and macrophage polarization was analyzed via flow cytometry and RT-qPCR.
CLS treatment improved lung pathology, reduced BALF injury markers, and decreased viral load. The therapeutic effects of CLS were abrogated by macrophage depletion, indicating a reliance on alveolar macrophages. CLS promoted M2-like macrophage polarization, increasing M2 markers and reducing M1 markers. , CLS reduced RSV-induced apoptosis and enhanced macrophage proliferation.
CLS protects against RSV-induced lung injury by promoting M2-like macrophage polarization and reducing viral load. These findings support CLS as a potential therapeutic for RSV infections.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是呼吸道感染的主要病因，尤其是在婴儿和老年人群中，而有效的治疗方法有限。虫草素、乳铁蛋白和羊栖菜多糖（CLS）是具有抗病毒和免疫调节特性的天然化合物。本研究调查了CLS在RSV感染中的治疗潜力。
使用RSV感染的小鼠模型来评估CLS的作用。通过肺指数、组织学以及支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中的白蛋白和乳酸脱氢酶水平评估肺部病理情况。通过RSV mRNA和蛋白表达来测量病毒载量。使用氯膦酸脂质体实现肺泡巨噬细胞耗竭，并通过流式细胞术和RT-qPCR分析巨噬细胞极化情况。
CLS治疗改善了肺部病理，降低了BALF损伤标志物，并降低了病毒载量。巨噬细胞耗竭消除了CLS的治疗效果，表明其依赖于肺泡巨噬细胞。CLS促进了M2样巨噬细胞极化，增加了M2标志物并减少了M1标志物。此外，CLS减少了RSV诱导的细胞凋亡并增强了巨噬细胞增殖。
CLS通过促进M2样巨噬细胞极化和降低病毒载量来预防RSV诱导的肺损伤。这些发现支持CLS作为RSV感染的潜在治疗方法。
