Weber Meyene Duque, Cavalcante Neto Jorge Lopes, Jelsma Dorothee, Tudella Eloisa
Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
Bahia State University, Salvador, Brazil.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s00787-025-02811-9.
Although underexplored, the literature has suggested that children with motor difficulties experience sensory processing alterations, limiting their participation in daily activities. In that sense, investigating sensory processing in children with neurodevelopmental challenges, such as Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), can yield valuable insights into the characteristics of this population and support decision-making by health and education professionals regarding assessment and intervention. This study compared sensory processing patterns between children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), possible DCD (pDCD), and typical development; and (2) examined associations between motor outcome measures and sensory processing. Caregivers of 694 children (mean age = 8.03 ± 1.43; 50.8% girls) completed the Short Sensory Profile 2 (which provides information on four sensory processing patterns: seeker, sensor, avoider, and bystander), DCD Questionnaire, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Children's motor outcomes were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children - 2. Motor outcomes and other Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for DCD classified children into three groups: (i) with DCD, (ii) pDCD, and (iii) typically developed. Results reveal significant differences (p < 0.001) between the groups across the four sensory processing patterns: children with DCD presented increased bystander patterns (34.6%). The sensor and bystander patterns showed a negative correlation with motor outcomes. The bystander emerged as a predictor of motor outcomes (B: -0.166 to -0.411; p < 0.001). These findings suggest that bystander sensory processing patterns may contribute to the motor difficulties observed in children with DCD, particularly in their reduced ability to perceive sensory input compared to their peers.
尽管尚未得到充分研究，但文献表明，有运动困难的儿童存在感觉统合障碍，这限制了他们参与日常活动。从这个意义上说，研究患有神经发育障碍（如发育性协调障碍，DCD）的儿童的感觉统合情况，能够为了解这一人群的特征提供有价值的见解，并有助于健康和教育专业人员在评估和干预方面做出决策。本研究比较了患有发育性协调障碍（DCD）、疑似发育性协调障碍（pDCD）和发育正常儿童的感觉统合模式；并（2）研究了运动结果指标与感觉统合之间的关联。694名儿童（平均年龄 = 8.03 ± 1.43岁；50.8%为女孩）的照顾者完成了《简短感觉统合量表2》（该量表提供了四种感觉统合模式的信息：探索者、感知者、回避者和旁观者）、DCD问卷以及一份社会人口学问卷。使用《儿童运动评估量表第二版》评估儿童的运动结果。根据运动结果和其他《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》中DCD的标准，将儿童分为三组：（i）患有DCD，（ii）疑似DCD，（iii）发育正常。结果显示，在四种感觉统合模式下，三组之间存在显著差异（p < 0.001）：患有DCD的儿童表现出更高比例的旁观者模式（34.6%）。感知者和旁观者模式与运动结果呈负相关。旁观者模式成为运动结果的一个预测指标（B：-0.166至-0.411；p < 0.001）。这些发现表明，旁观者感觉统合模式可能导致了DCD儿童出现运动困难，特别是与同龄人相比，他们感知感觉输入的能力有所下降。
