Esfahani HomaSadat, Hosseinzadeh Reza, Khorsandi Khatereh
Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Herbal Secondary Metabolites Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Urmia, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21312. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05784-6.
Cancer therapy, due to the rising number of detected and reported cases, is one of the most important goals of scientists worldwide. Among these, there is a strong interest in using effective noninvasive protocols for cancer therapy. This study aims to investigate the combined effect of phenytoin, a sodium channel-blocker, with Methylene Blue, a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT), on breast cancer cell viability and uptake. To determine the appropriate concentrations of phenytoin in Methylene Blue solutions, we measured the intensity of the samples at excitation wavelengths between 200 and 800 nm using a spectrophotometer. Breast cancer cell viability was evaluated in four research groups using the MTT assay under both light and dark conditions. Morphological characterization was performed using an inverted light microscope and dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescent staining. The hypothesis focuses on the effect of pre-treatment with phenytoin on cellular uptake of Methylene Blue and the impact on cell viability. These effects were examined across four distinct treatment groups to comprehensively assess the potential benefits of combined treatment. The results showed that the combination treatment not only increased cellular uptake but also demonstrated higher toxicity to cancer cells, suggesting enhanced therapeutic potential. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of noninvasive protocols in cancer therapy, paving the way for further research into optimizing such treatments.
由于检测和报告的癌症病例数量不断增加，癌症治疗是全球科学家最重要的目标之一。其中，人们对使用有效的非侵入性癌症治疗方案有着浓厚的兴趣。本研究旨在探讨钠通道阻滞剂苯妥英钠与光动力疗法（PDT）中使用的光敏剂亚甲蓝联合使用对乳腺癌细胞活力和摄取的影响。为了确定亚甲蓝溶液中苯妥英钠的合适浓度，我们使用分光光度计在200至800nm的激发波长下测量了样品的强度。在光照和黑暗条件下，使用MTT法在四个研究组中评估乳腺癌细胞活力。使用倒置光学显微镜和双吖啶橙/溴化乙锭（AO/EB）荧光染色进行形态学表征。该假设聚焦于苯妥英钠预处理对亚甲蓝细胞摄取的影响以及对细胞活力的影响。在四个不同的治疗组中检查了这些影响，以全面评估联合治疗的潜在益处。结果表明，联合治疗不仅增加了细胞摄取，而且对癌细胞表现出更高的毒性，表明治疗潜力增强。此外，该研究强调了非侵入性方案在癌症治疗中的重要性，为进一步优化此类治疗的研究铺平了道路。
