Golal Ezgi, Balci Cemre Nur, Acar Nuray
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21497. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07677-0.
The healthy progression and termination of pregnancy depend critically upon embryo development, acquisition of uterine receptivity, implantation, and decidualization during the peri-implantation period. Sumoylation is a post-translational modification that affects the stability, transcriptional activity, and cellular localization of proteins. In our study, we investigated the localization and expression of SUMO1 (small ubiquitin-like modifier), SENP1 (sentrin-specific protease 1), and UBC9 (SUMO-conjugated enzyme UBC9), members of the sumoylation mechanism, in the mouse uterus and implantation sites during the peri-implantation period. Localization and expressions of SUMO1, SENP1, and UBC9 were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, respectively. Estrogen (E) and progesterone (P) levels were measured by ELISA. SUMO1 was at the highest level in the luminal and gland epithelium and stroma on the 5th day of pregnancy compared to other pregnancy days. SENP1 was high on the 4th but low on the 5th day of pregnancy. On the 6th and 8th days of pregnancy, expressions of SUMO1 and SENP1 were decreased, while the amount of UBC9 was similar to other days of pregnancy. According to ELISA, E reached its highest level on the 4th day of pregnancy, and P reached its highest level on the 8th day of pregnancy. SUMO1, SENP1, and UBC9 are expressed at different levels in the uterus and implantation sites during early pregnancy. Our findings suggest that the sumoylation mechanism may play a role in the implantation and decidualization processes of mice.
妊娠的健康进展和终止在很大程度上取决于胚胎发育、子宫接受性的获得、着床以及着床期周围的蜕膜化过程。SUMO化是一种翻译后修饰，它会影响蛋白质的稳定性、转录活性和细胞定位。在我们的研究中，我们调查了SUMO化机制的成员SUMO1（小泛素样修饰物）、SENP1（类泛素特异性蛋白酶1）和UBC9（SUMO缀合酶UBC9）在小鼠子宫和着床期周围着床部位的定位和表达。SUMO1、SENP1和UBC9的定位和表达分别通过免疫组织化学和蛋白质印迹法测定。雌激素（E）和孕酮（P）水平通过酶联免疫吸附测定法测量。与其他妊娠日相比，SUMO1在妊娠第5天的腔上皮、腺上皮和基质中水平最高。SENP1在妊娠第4天高，但在第5天低。在妊娠第6天和第8天，SUMO1和SENP1的表达下降，而UBC9的量与妊娠其他天数相似。根据酶联免疫吸附测定法，E在妊娠第4天达到最高水平，P在妊娠第8天达到最高水平。SUMO1、SENP1和UBC9在妊娠早期子宫和着床部位以不同水平表达。我们的研究结果表明，SUMO化机制可能在小鼠的着床和蜕膜化过程中发挥作用。
