Honarvar Behnam, Erfannia Leila, Rafiee Fatemeh, Zahmatkeshan Elham, Balaghi Inaloo Faranak, Hamzavizarghani Najmeh, Davoodi Ali, Yarmahmoodi Fatemeh, Asmarian Naeimehossadat, Keshani Parisa, Goodarzi Azam, Movahednejad Yasman, Honarvar Zahra, Zarei Mohammadali, Hoseini Seyed Kazem, Ghasemi Fatemeh, Azadbakht Leila, Kelishadi Roya, Seifi Fatemeh, Bagheri Lankarani Kamran
Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Health Information Management Department, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21010. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-98352-x.
The increasing rate of obesity in children and adolescents is alarming, worldwide. This population-based study, conducted in 2024 in Fars Province, Iran, aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school students. In the 1st phase, the weight and height of 9853 students who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling from 36 districts were measured standardly. Then using World Health Organization AnthroPlus software, body mass index-for-age z-score (BAZ) of each subject was calculated and exported to the SPSS. Analysis showed the overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 26.5% (n = 2616), including 14.7% (n = 1450) as overweight, 9.4% (n = 927) as obese, and 2.4% (n = 239) as severe obese. Logistic regression showed older students, who with normal height, and who lived in the cities or educated in private schools were more overweight/ obese. In the 2nd phase, an online-based checklist was sent to the parents of overweight/obese children, to query about family, demographic and socioeconomic status. Logistic regression on the data of 440 students who participated in this phase revealed that obesity was more common in males, while overweight was more common in female students (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-3.9). Furthermore, 79% of overweight and 21% of obese students' parents did not know about their children's excess body weight, before attending this study (OR 7.2, 95% CI 3.8-13.9). In the 3rd phase, mapping with Bayesian model showed a higher prevalence of obesity in the western and southern counties. Setting public health strategies including massive screening and multidisciplinary interventions (at the individual, family, community, and micro, meso, and macro level of policy-making) to address childhood overweight /obesity, particularly in the high-prevalence areas, is recommended.
全球范围内，儿童和青少年肥胖率的上升速度令人担忧。这项基于人群的研究于2024年在伊朗法尔斯省进行，旨在评估小学生中超重和肥胖的患病率。在第一阶段，对从36个地区通过多阶段整群随机抽样选出的9853名学生的体重和身高进行了标准测量。然后使用世界卫生组织AnthroPlus软件，计算每个受试者的年龄别体重指数z评分（BAZ）并导出到SPSS。分析显示超重/肥胖的总体患病率为26.5%（n = 2616），其中超重占14.7%（n = 1450），肥胖占9.4%（n = 927），重度肥胖占2.4%（n = 239）。逻辑回归显示，年龄较大、身高正常、居住在城市或就读于私立学校的学生超重/肥胖的可能性更大。在第二阶段，向超重/肥胖儿童的家长发送了一份在线清单，以询问家庭、人口统计学和社会经济状况。对参与该阶段的440名学生的数据进行逻辑回归分析发现，肥胖在男性中更为常见，而超重在女学生中更为常见（OR = 2.5，95% CI 1.5 - 3.9）。此外，在参与本研究之前，79%的超重学生和21%的肥胖学生的家长不知道自己孩子体重超标（OR = 7.2，95% CI 3.8 - 13.9）。在第三阶段，贝叶斯模型映射显示西部和南部各县的肥胖患病率较高。建议制定公共卫生策略，包括大规模筛查和多学科干预（在个体、家庭、社区以及微观、中观和宏观政策制定层面），以解决儿童超重/肥胖问题，特别是在高患病率地区。
