Fu XiaoLi, Wang ChiWen, Wang Yaoying, Gong LiJun, Liu Han, Shen ZhanLei, Zhu Dongfang, Zhang Jingbao, Bai Junwen, Ren Ruizhe, Cui Jinxin, Zhen Mingyue, Zhang Jiajia, Li Xinran, Miao Yudong
Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21040. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06064-z.
This study aimed to accessed the current status of the physical activity and the prevalence of comorbidity among the elderly (≥ 65 years old) in rural areas and to investigate the effect of physical activity intensity on hypertension-diabetes comorbidity in the elderly. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jia County, Pingdingshan, Henan Province from July 1 to August 31, 2023. A questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic factors and chronic diseases, and the IPAQ (short form) to collect information about physical activity. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to identify factors influencing the prevalence of comorbidity in rural areas. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to explore the effects of high-intensity versus low-intensity physical activity on the prevalence of comorbidity among the elderly in rural areas. In total of 16,795 participants were recruited. The prevalence of comorbidity was lower in participants with high-intensity physical activity than in those with low-intensity physical activity (45.4% vs. 58.3%). After adjusting for the effects of potential confounders, we found that the prevalence of comorbidity was higher in females (OR 1.194, 95% CI [1.122-1.271]) than in males. Participants' education level, occupation, and income all influenced the occurrence of comorbidity. PSM analysis revealed a 13.2% difference in comorbidity prevalence between high-and low-intensity physical activity participant. The prevalence of comorbidity is lower in participants with high-intensity physical activity than in those with low-intensity physical activity in rural areas. Physical activity interventions may be strengthened to encourage the elderly to actively increase their physical activity levels. Furthermore, we advocate that more attention should be paid to the physical activity of the elderly, improving the construction of sports facilities in rural areas, and village clinics should strengthen guidance to encourage the elderly to participate in high-intensity physical activities.
本研究旨在了解农村地区老年人（≥65岁）的身体活动现状和合并症患病率，并探讨身体活动强度对老年人高血压-糖尿病合并症的影响。2023年7月1日至8月31日在河南省平顶山市郏县进行了一项横断面调查。使用问卷收集社会人口学因素和慢性病信息，并使用国际体力活动问卷（简表）收集身体活动信息。采用多变量逻辑回归模型确定影响农村地区合并症患病率的因素。进行倾向得分匹配（PSM）以探讨高强度与低强度身体活动对农村地区老年人合并症患病率的影响。共招募了16795名参与者。高强度身体活动参与者的合并症患病率低于低强度身体活动参与者（45.4%对58.3%）。在调整潜在混杂因素的影响后，我们发现女性的合并症患病率高于男性（OR 1.194，95%CI[1.122 - 1.271]）。参与者的教育水平、职业和收入均影响合并症的发生。PSM分析显示，高强度和低强度身体活动参与者的合并症患病率存在13.2%的差异。农村地区高强度身体活动参与者的合并症患病率低于低强度身体活动参与者。可加强身体活动干预，鼓励老年人积极提高身体活动水平。此外，我们倡导应更加关注老年人的身体活动，改善农村地区体育设施建设，乡村诊所应加强指导，鼓励老年人参与高强度身体活动。
