重型β地中海贫血患者弓形虫感染的血清流行病学：伊朗东南部的一项病例对照研究

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection among patients with beta-thalassemia major: a case-control study in Southeastern Iran.

作者信息

Baloochi Mehdi, Amini Fard Mohammad-Reza, Ordoni Ramin, Pendar Atefeh, Vafae Eslahi Aida, Badri Milad, Dezhkam Asiyeh, Kalkali Marziyeh, Rahdar Hossein-Ali, Mohammadi Mola, Sepasi Zarineh, Javidan Moslem, Ahmadpour Ehsan, Hatam-Nahavandi Kareem

机构信息

Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.

Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 1;25(1):867. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11243-4.

DOI:10.1186/s12879-025-11243-4

PMID:40596992

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12219765/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Toxoplasmosis could potentially be transmitted via blood transfusions from asymptomatic donors to patients with beta-thalassemia major (BTM) who regularly receive transfusions. Nevertheless, screening for toxoplasmosis prior to blood donation has not been implemented, representing a significant gap in transfusion safety protocols. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of anti- antibodies in BTM patients undergoing blood transfusion.

METHODS

The current case-control study was conducted among 270 patients and 90 controls in Southeastern Iran, from September to December 2024. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to detect anti- IgG and IgM antibodies in serum samples. A binomial logistic regression model was employed to analyze the association between toxoplasmosis and its determinants.

RESULTS

The seropositivity rate for anti- IgG antibodies was 9.3% (25/270) in the patients and 8.9% (8/90) in the controls. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.45–2.41; = 0.916). Anti- IgM antibodies were detected in the patients with a seropositivity rate of 1.5% (4/270). In the controls, the seropositivity rate for anti- IgM antibodies was 0.0% (0/90). None of the participants’ characteristics were found to be associated with the infection.

CONCLUSION

Anti- antibodies were detected at relatively low seroprevalence rates in both patients and controls. The presence of toxoplasmosis in these patients highlights the critical need for appropriate strategies to reduce the risk of infection, as the population appears to be mostly non-immune. It is essential to implement routine screening of blood for specific antibodies against before transfusions in these patients to mitigate the risk of infection. This is the first study assessing the seroprevalence of antibodies among patients with BTM in Southeastern Iran.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-025-11243-4.

摘要

背景

弓形虫病有可能通过无症状献血者的输血传播给定期接受输血的重型β地中海贫血（BTM）患者。然而，献血前尚未实施弓形虫病筛查，这是输血安全协议中的一个重大漏洞。本研究旨在调查接受输血的BTM患者中抗[抗体名称]抗体的血清流行率。

方法

2024年9月至12月，在伊朗东南部对270例患者和90例对照进行了当前的病例对照研究。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清样本中的抗[抗体名称]IgG和IgM抗体。采用二项逻辑回归模型分析弓形虫病与其决定因素之间的关联。

结果

患者中抗[抗体名称]IgG抗体的血清阳性率为9.3%（25/270），对照中为8.9%（8/90）。两组之间的差异无统计学意义（OR = 1.05；95%CI：0.45 - 2.41；P = 0.916）。在患者中检测到抗[抗体名称]IgM抗体，血清阳性率为1.5%（4/270）。在对照中，抗[抗体名称]IgM抗体的血清阳性率为0.0%（0/90）。未发现参与者的任何特征与感染有关。

结论

患者和对照中抗[抗体名称]抗体的血清流行率相对较低。这些患者中存在弓形虫病凸显了采取适当策略降低感染风险的迫切需求，因为该人群似乎大多没有免疫力。在这些患者输血前对血液进行针对[抗体名称]的特异性抗体常规筛查以降低感染风险至关重要。这是第一项评估伊朗东南部BTM患者中[抗体名称]抗体血清流行率的研究。