Fujii Akihiko, Akatsu Tomoki, Souno Hatsumi, Kawano Sawako, Minegishi Yoshihiko, Ota Noriyasu
Human Health Care Products Research, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan.
R&D Strategy, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.
J Oral Microbiol. 2025 Jun 30;17(1):2526069. doi: 10.1080/20002297.2025.2526069. eCollection 2025.
Oral nitrate-reducing bacteria are associated with good oral health, with inorganic nitrate specifically promoting the growth of these beneficial bacteria. Sugar alcohols affect the composition of oral microbiota, potentially impacting oral health. The present study aimed to investigate the combined effects of nitrate and sugar alcohols on nitrate-reducing bacteria and nitrate metabolism in oral microbiota cultured .
Species-level microbial analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of DNA extracted from the supragingival plaque-derived biofilm cultured under micro-aerobic conditions for 48 h with nitrate and/or sugar alcohols was conducted. Nitrate metabolites, lactate, and pH in culture supernatants were also measured.
The combined addition of nitrate and erythritol, but not xylitol or sorbitol, significantly increased the relative abundance of Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Neisseria subflava, which are nitrate-reducing bacteria. This shift was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in Streptococcus oralis, which simultaneously induced an increase in the nitrate-reducing capacity and a decrease in lactate production and acidification from sugar metabolism.
The combination of nitrate and erythritol serve as a preventive and therapeutic approach for periodontitis or dental caries by promoting the growth of oral commensal nitrate-reducing bacteria. However, human clinical studies are required to clarify these beneficial effects.
口腔中能还原硝酸盐的细菌与良好的口腔健康相关，无机硝酸盐尤其能促进这些有益细菌的生长。糖醇会影响口腔微生物群的组成，可能对口腔健康产生影响。本研究旨在探讨硝酸盐和糖醇对培养的口腔微生物群中硝酸盐还原菌及硝酸盐代谢的联合作用。
对在微需氧条件下用硝酸盐和/或糖醇培养48小时的龈上菌斑来源生物膜提取的DNA进行16S rRNA基因测序，进行种水平的微生物分析。还测量了培养上清液中的硝酸盐代谢产物、乳酸和pH值。
硝酸盐和赤藓糖醇联合添加，而非木糖醇或山梨醇，显著增加了副流感嗜血杆菌和微黄奈瑟菌的相对丰度，这两种菌都是能还原硝酸盐的细菌。这种变化伴随着口腔链球菌相对丰度的相应降低，同时诱导了硝酸盐还原能力的增加以及糖代谢产生乳酸和酸化作用的减少。
硝酸盐和赤藓糖醇的联合使用通过促进口腔共生硝酸盐还原菌的生长，可作为牙周炎或龋齿的预防和治疗方法。然而，需要人体临床研究来阐明这些有益作用。
