Xia Lingjun, Liu Lixin, Zhang Gen, Kong Ping, Li Bozhen, Qin Xiaochen
Jiangxi Provincial Eco-Meteorological Centre & Key Laboratory of Climate Change Risk and Meteorological Disaster Prevention of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330096, China; CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy, Chongqing 401147, China.
China Meteorological Administration Meteorological Observation Centre (CMA-MOC), Beijing 100081, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2025 Nov;157:567-579. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.09.024. Epub 2024 Oct 6.
Although atmospheric CO observations are becoming increasingly widespread in China, the identification of CO emission sources is still scarce, especially in undeveloped Central China. To effectively address this issue, in a typical site in Central China, the simultaneous measurements of atmospheric CO, CO, and δC were conducted, and the characteristics of CO emission sources were systematically investigated based on the relationships among CO, CO, and δC. The average CO/CO ratio of winter increased from 52.4 ppm/ppm during 2018-2020 to 65.1 ppm/ppm during 2021-2022, which confirmed the improvement of energy consumption efficiency in China. Air-mass transportation from central China and Yangtze River Delta regions contributed largely to higher CO/CO ratios in 2021-2022. A higher mean CO/CO ratio appeared during the morning rush hours (60.3 ppm/ppm) than in the afternoon rush hours (51.4 ppm/ppm) in winter. In addition, the mean δC value of CO sources (δC) also displayed more negative values during the morning rush hours (-28.3 ‰) than the afternoon rush hours (-22.2 ‰), suggesting the significant influence of vehicle and natural gas usage at the morning rush hours and the impact of straw burning in the afternoon rush hours. The mean δC was -24.7 ‰ for winter and -21.9 ‰ for vegetation season, implying the main contribution of coal in winter and the impact of C plants during the vegetation season. The contribution of biogenic respiration CO was inferred to exceed 50 % during the nighttime of summer according to the obtained mean δC value of biogenic respiration CO, which was calculated to be -21.4 ‰.
尽管中国大气一氧化碳（CO）观测日益普遍，但CO排放源的识别仍很匮乏，尤其是在欠发达的中国中部地区。为有效解决这一问题，在中国中部一个典型站点，对大气中的CO、CO以及δC进行了同步测量，并基于CO、CO和δC之间的关系系统地研究了CO排放源的特征。冬季CO/CO平均比值从2018 - 2020年的52.4 ppm/ppm增加到2021 - 2022年的65.1 ppm/ppm，这证实了中国能源消耗效率的提高。来自中国中部和长江三角洲地区的气团输送在很大程度上导致了2021 - 2022年较高的CO/CO比值。冬季早高峰时段的平均CO/CO比值（60.3 ppm/ppm）高于晚高峰时段（51.4 ppm/ppm）。此外，CO源的平均δC值（δC）在早高峰时段（-28.3‰）也比晚高峰时段（-22.2‰）更负，这表明早高峰时段车辆和天然气使用的显著影响以及晚高峰时段秸秆焚烧的影响。冬季平均δC为-24.7‰，植被季节为-21.9‰，这意味着冬季煤炭的主要贡献以及植被季节C植物的影响。根据获得的生物源呼吸CO的平均δC值计算为-21.4‰，推断夏季夜间生物源呼吸CO的贡献超过50%。
