Amente Tadele, Kebede Yohannes, Belachew Tefera
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, Institute of Health Science, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Jul 2;25(1):517. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-05869-1.
For optimal growth it is recommended to initiate breastfeeding within the first hour of birth and continue with exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months. Subsequently, infants should receive complementary food for their nutritional needs. Ethiopia has been implementing policies and initiatives to enhance complementary feeding practices among infants and young children since the past two decades. However, the progress is slow. This study aimed to assess the level and factors associated with core indicators of complementary feeding practices among infants and young children in rural areas of Western Ethiopia.
The baseline survey was conducted from September 19 to October 30, 2022, among 525 mother-child pairs in rural western Ethiopia. Multi-stage cluster sampling techniques were used; and the data were collected using an interviewer-administered pre-tested and structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 software. On the final logistic regression model, variables with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
The overall level of Minimum dietary diversity, Minimum meal frequency and Minimum acceptable diet was 16.6% [95% CI: 13.5, 20.0], 52.2% [95% CI: 47.8, 56.5] and 14.1% [95% CI: 11.2, 17.4], respectively. On multivariable logistic regression model, maternal exposure to media (AOR = 2.05,95%CI: 1.21,3.46), households with a high wealth index(AOR = 2.27,95%CI:1.23,5.33) and maternal attitude(AOR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.19, 5.69) were associated with minimum dietary diversity; maternal tertiary-level education (AOR = 5.83,95%CI:1.12,30.47), child age(AOR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86, 0.99) and antenatal visits (AOR = 1.31,95%CI: 1.16,3.40) were predictors of minimum meal frequency; and abeing a farmer in the occupation of a partner (AOR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.08,0.49) & households with a medium wealth index(AOR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.01,4.06) were predictors of minimum acceptable diet.
Overall, complementary feeding practices in selected districts of the East Wollega Zone, as measured by dietary diversity, meal frequency, and acceptable diet, have not been adequately met, and there is a need for interventions to improve it in the area for the stakeholders, and future researchers.
为实现最佳生长发育，建议在出生后第一小时内开始母乳喂养，并在头六个月持续进行纯母乳喂养。随后，婴儿应摄取补充食物以满足其营养需求。在过去二十年中，埃塞俄比亚一直在实施相关政策和举措，以加强婴幼儿的补充喂养做法。然而，进展缓慢。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西部农村地区婴幼儿补充喂养做法核心指标的水平及其相关因素。
2022年9月19日至10月30日，在埃塞俄比亚西部农村地区对525对母婴进行了基线调查。采用多阶段整群抽样技术；数据通过由访员管理的经过预测试的结构化问卷收集。使用SPSS 26版软件进行数据分析。在最终的逻辑回归模型中，P < 0.05的变量被认为具有统计学意义。
最低饮食多样性、最低进餐频率和最低可接受饮食的总体水平分别为16.6% [95%置信区间：13.5, 20.0]、52.2% [95%置信区间：47.8, 56.5] 和14.1% [95%置信区间：11.2, 17.4]。在多变量逻辑回归模型中，母亲接触媒体（调整后比值比[AOR] = 2.05，95%置信区间：1.21, 3.46）、高财富指数家庭（AOR = 2.27，95%置信区间：1.23, 5.33）和母亲态度（AOR = 2.36，95%置信区间：1.19, 5.69）与最低饮食多样性相关；母亲接受高等教育（AOR = 5.83，95%置信区间：1.12, 30.47）、儿童年龄（AOR = 0.92，95%置信区间：0.86, 0.99）和产前检查次数（AOR = 1.31，95%置信区间：1.16, 3.40）是最低进餐频率的预测因素；伴侣职业为农民（AOR = 0.19，95%置信区间：0.08, 0.49）以及中等财富指数家庭（AOR = 2.02，95%置信区间：1.01, 4.06）是最低可接受饮食的预测因素。
总体而言，以东沃莱加区选定地区的饮食多样性、进餐频率和可接受饮食衡量的补充喂养做法尚未得到充分满足，该地区的利益相关者和未来研究人员需要进行干预以改善这一状况。
