Nakie Girum, Tadesse Gebresilassie, Fentahun Setegn, Rtbey Gidey, Andualem Fantahun, Kibralew Getasew, Kelebie Mulualem, Melkam Mamaru, Tinsae Techilo, Kassa Mulat Awoke, Alemayehu Tekletsadik Tekleslassie, Yigezu Muluken, Tsegaw Tigist Kifle, Segon Tesfaye, Wassie Yilkal Abebaw
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jul 2;25(1):2288. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23544-z.
BACKGROUND: Domestic violence is a global health issue that impacts health policies and initiatives, as well as women's health, reproductive outcomes, and family well-being. It violates human rights, hinders gender equality, and requires a multifaceted approach. Studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) reveal significant disparities across nations. This study utilizes data from the 2019-2024 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) to determine the prevalence of domestic violence among reproductive-age women in Sub-Saharan African countries and its associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used through multilevel logistic regression analysis. A total of 67,764 women aged 15-49 were included in the study. To ensure representativeness, weighted estimates were applied in the analysis using STATA version 17. Statistically significant variables were identified using adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: The overall prevalence of domestic violence among reproductive-age women in sub-Saharan African countries was found to be 38.14% (95% CI: 37.78-38.51). The highest and the lowest prevalence of domestic violence were observed in Sierra Leone and Mauritania, 60.72% and 18.70%, respectively. Across regions, the highest prevalence of domestic violence was observed in Central Africa (45.7%), while the lowest prevalence was observed in West Africa (35.34%). Factors associated with domestic violence included justifying wife beating, witnessing mother beaten by father, education status, current working status, smoking tobacco, marital status, being afraid of their partner, and having a partner who exhibited jealousy when the respondent talked with other men. In contrast, age (15-29 years old) is protective against domestic violence. Residence, media exposure, and regions were also community-level factors associated with domestic violence. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of domestic violence among reproductive-age women in sub-Saharan African countries is high. Individual and community-related factors contribute significantly to violence. Strengthening legal protections, economic and social empowerment of women, and implementing community-based education programs for partners are recommended to reduce domestic violence in sub-Saharan African countries.
背景：家庭暴力是一个全球性的健康问题，它影响着卫生政策与倡议，以及妇女健康、生殖结局和家庭福祉。它侵犯人权，阻碍性别平等，需要采取多方面的应对措施。撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）地区的研究显示各国之间存在显著差异。本研究利用2019 - 2024年人口与健康调查（DHS）的数据，以确定撒哈拉以南非洲国家育龄妇女中家庭暴力的患病率及其相关因素。 方法：采用横断面研究设计，并通过多水平逻辑回归分析。共有67764名年龄在15 - 49岁的妇女纳入本研究。为确保代表性，在分析中使用STATA 17版本应用加权估计。使用调整后的优势比（AOR）和95%置信区间（CI）来确定具有统计学意义的变量。 结果：撒哈拉以南非洲国家育龄妇女中家庭暴力的总体患病率为38.14%（95%CI：37.78 - 38.51）。家庭暴力患病率最高和最低的分别是塞拉利昂和毛里塔尼亚，分别为60.72%和18.70%。在各个地区中，中部非洲家庭暴力患病率最高（45.7%），而西非最低（35.34%）。与家庭暴力相关的因素包括认可殴打妻子、目睹母亲被父亲殴打、教育程度、当前工作状况、吸烟、婚姻状况、害怕伴侣以及伴侣在受访者与其他男性交谈时表现出嫉妒。相比之下，年龄（15 - 29岁）对家庭暴力具有保护作用。居住地、媒体接触情况和地区也是与家庭暴力相关的社区层面因素。 结论：撒哈拉以南非洲国家育龄妇女中家庭暴力的患病率很高。个人和社区相关因素对暴力行为有显著影响。建议加强法律保护、增强妇女的经济和社会权能，并为伴侣实施基于社区的教育项目，以减少撒哈拉以南非洲国家的家庭暴力。
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