Guesdon Léa, Warembourg Charline, Chevrier Cécile, de Lauzon-Guillain Blandine, Caudeville Julien, Charles Marie-Aline, Le Lous Maela, Blanc-Petitjean Pauline, Béranger Rémi
Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Paris, France.
Environ Res. 2025 Jul 1;284:122275. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122275.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases risks of adverse perinatal outcomes and metabolic disorders in offspring. Some endocrine-disrupting chemicals are presumed to interfere with glucose metabolism. We aimed to assess the association between non-occupational exposures to pesticides and the risk of GDM.
The study was conducted on 11 512 women (791 with GDM) from the French nationwide Elfe cohort. Among 114 suspected pesticides identified using a toxicogenomic approach, 62 with detection frequency ≥10 % were analyzed across three sources of exposure: residential use (self-reported, n = 18), agricultural (geographic information system, n = 14) and dietary (estimated by a food-frequency questionnaire and monitoring data of pesticide residues in foods, n = 30). The association between exposure to pesticides (no or low vs. high) and the occurrence of GDM was tested with single and multi-source adjusted logistic regression models.
In the multi-source model, dietary exposure to glyphosate (aOR = 0.6, 95 %CI: 0.5,0.9) or agricultural exposure (aOR = 0.8, 95 %CI:0.6,1.0) were associated with lower odds of GDM. The same effect was identified for two dietary pesticides: epoxiconazole (aOR = 0.6, 95 %CI: 0.5,0.8) and penconazole (aOR = 0.8, 95 %CI: 0.6,1.0). Dietary exposure to cypermethrin (aOR = 1.2, 95 %CI:1.0,1.5) and agricultural exposure to myclobutanil (aOR = 1.4, 95 %CI:1.1,1.9) were associated with higher odds of GDM. No significant association was identified for the residential use of pesticides.
This toxico-genomic-based study identifies five pesticides associated with GDM through agricultural or dietary exposure. These findings provide new insights into environmental contributors to GDM. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying toxicological mechanisms and confirm these associations.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）会增加不良围产期结局及后代代谢紊乱的风险。一些内分泌干扰化学物质被认为会干扰葡萄糖代谢。我们旨在评估非职业性接触农药与GDM风险之间的关联。
该研究对来自法国全国性的Elfe队列中的11512名女性（791名患有GDM）进行。在使用毒理基因组学方法鉴定出的114种疑似农药中，对检测频率≥10%的62种农药，从三种接触源进行分析：居家使用（自我报告，n = 18）、农业接触（地理信息系统，n = 14）和饮食接触（通过食物频率问卷及食品中农药残留监测数据估算，n = 30）。使用单源和多源调整逻辑回归模型检验农药接触（无或低接触与高接触）与GDM发生之间的关联。
在多源模型中，饮食接触草甘膦（调整后比值比[aOR]=0.6，95%置信区间[CI]：0.5，0.9）或农业接触（aOR = 0.8，95%CI：0.6，1.0）与较低的GDM发病几率相关。两种饮食接触农药也有同样的效果：环氧唑菌唑（aOR = 0.6，95%CI：0.5，0.8）和戊唑醇（aOR = 0.8，95%CI：0.6，1.0）。饮食接触氯氰菊酯（aOR = 1.2，95%CI：1.0，1.5）和农业接触腈菌唑（aOR = 1.4，95%CI：1.1，1.9）与较高的GDM发病几率相关。居家使用农药未发现显著关联。
这项基于毒理基因组学的研究确定了五种通过农业或饮食接触与GDM相关的农药。这些发现为GDM的环境影响因素提供了新的见解。需要进一步研究以阐明潜在的毒理学机制并证实这些关联。
