Manzoor Ashira, Barakat Khaled
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2025 Sep;186:106826. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2025.106826. Epub 2025 Jul 1.
TIM-3 (T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain protein-3) is a potent checkpoint receptor that functions as a negative regulator of the immune response. Numerous immune cells, including monocytes, TH17 (T helper 17) cells, mast cells, myeloid cells, and Treg (regulatory T) cells, express TIM-3. It consists of four ligands: HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Protein B1), PtdSer (Phosphatidylserine), Galectin-9, and CEACAM-1 (Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cell Adhesion Molecule 1). Research has shown TIM-3's role in cancers, chronic viral infections, and autoimmune disorders. Inhibiting TIM-3, therefore, is a therapeutic approach in the current immunotherapy, particularly when combined with other immune checkpoint inhibitors. The review summarizes its function in different disorders and its potential signaling mechanisms.
TIM-3（T细胞免疫球蛋白和粘蛋白结构域蛋白3）是一种有效的检查点受体，作为免疫反应的负调节因子发挥作用。包括单核细胞、TH17（辅助性T细胞17）细胞、肥大细胞、髓样细胞和Treg（调节性T）细胞在内的众多免疫细胞都表达TIM-3。它由四种配体组成：HMGB1（高迁移率族蛋白B1）、PtdSer（磷脂酰丝氨酸）、半乳糖凝集素-9和CEACAM-1（癌胚抗原细胞粘附分子1）。研究表明TIM-3在癌症、慢性病毒感染和自身免疫性疾病中发挥作用。因此，抑制TIM-3是当前免疫疗法中的一种治疗方法，尤其是与其他免疫检查点抑制剂联合使用时。本综述总结了其在不同疾病中的功能及其潜在的信号传导机制。
