Mendonça Gil Paula Knoch, Ribeiro Alisson André, Maciel Camila Guadeluppe, de Medeiros Márcio José, Santos-Pinto Cláudia Du Bocage, de Oliveira Everton Falcão
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.
Faculdade de Engenharias, Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Geografia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jul 3;25(1):2314. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23589-0.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with substantial adverse outcomes, including genital symptoms, pregnancy complications, infertility, increased risk of HIV transmission, and significant psychosocial impacts. Identifying priority areas for action and key elements to inform discussions on expanding access to STI prevention measures, including HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), is essential for planning effective control strategies.
This ecological study aimed to analyze the occurrence of notifiable STIs using data from a medium-sized state capital during the five years preceding the introduction of PrEP. Data on confirmed cases of notifiable STIs (HIV/AIDS, syphilis, and viral hepatitis) reported to the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) in Campo Grande from 2014 to 2018, along with socioeconomic and demographic data, were assessed. Spatial analysis methods were used to identify clusters and areas with increased risk of STI occurrence.
A total of 10,074 STI cases were reported to SINAN. Syphilis was the most frequently reported infection, accounting for 78.6% of cases, followed by HIV/AIDS (19.5%) and hepatitis B (1.9%). Higher risk for all three STIs was observed among non-white men over the age of 20 low educational attainment. Among HIV cases specifically, heterosexual individuals were the most affected, based on available data regarding sexual orientation. Spatial analysis revealed clusters of high incidence in peripheral neighborhoods of the city. Additionally, correlation analysis indicated an association between STI occurrence and lower socioeconomic conditions.
These findings suggest that STI control strategies should be re-evaluated to enhance coverage among individuals with the sociodemographic profile identified in this study, underscoring the need to broaden prevention strategies beyond traditionally defined key populations.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-025-23589-0.
性传播感染（STIs）会导致大量不良后果，包括生殖器症状、妊娠并发症、不孕不育、艾滋病毒传播风险增加以及严重的社会心理影响。确定行动的优先领域和关键要素，以指导关于扩大性传播感染预防措施（包括艾滋病毒暴露前预防[PrEP]）可及性的讨论，对于规划有效的控制策略至关重要。
这项生态学研究旨在利用在引入PrEP前五年期间一个中等规模州首府的数据，分析法定报告性传播感染的发生情况。评估了2014年至2018年期间向大坎普的巴西法定报告疾病信息系统（SINAN）报告的法定报告性传播感染（艾滋病毒/艾滋病、梅毒和病毒性肝炎）确诊病例的数据，以及社会经济和人口数据。采用空间分析方法确定性传播感染发生风险增加的聚集区和区域。
共向SINAN报告了10074例性传播感染病例。梅毒是报告最频繁的感染，占病例的78.6%，其次是艾滋病毒/艾滋病（19.5%）和乙型肝炎（1.9%）。20岁以上、教育程度低的非白人男性中，这三种性传播感染的风险更高。具体就艾滋病毒病例而言，根据现有的性取向数据，异性恋者受影响最大。空间分析揭示了该市周边社区的高发病聚集区。此外，相关分析表明性传播感染的发生与较低的社会经济状况之间存在关联。
这些发现表明，应重新评估性传播感染控制策略，以提高本研究确定的社会人口特征人群的覆盖率，强调有必要将预防策略扩大到传统定义的重点人群之外。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12889-025-23589-0获取的补充材料。
