职业男性足球运动员前交叉韧带重建后重返赛场时大腿肌肉损伤发生率更高：来自欧足联精英俱乐部伤病研究的110例分析。

A Higher Thigh Muscle Injury Incidence in Professional Male Soccer Players Returning to Play After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Analysis of 110 Cases From the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study.

作者信息

Della Villa Francesco, Bengtsson Håkan, Hägglund Martin, Seil Romain, Hamrin Senorski Eric, Ekstrand Jan, Waldén Markus

机构信息

Education and Research Department, Isokinetic Medical Group, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Bologna, Italy.

Football Research Group, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

出版信息

Am J Sports Med. 2025 Aug;53(10):2440-2446. doi: 10.1177/03635465251353213. Epub 2025 Jul 8.

DOI:10.1177/03635465251353213

PMID:40624968

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Previous literature has suggested an important association between a history of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) and future thigh muscle injuries, but more and larger studies are needed, particularly for quadriceps muscle injuries.

PURPOSE

To determine the incidence of hamstring and quadriceps muscle injuries after return to play (RTP) from ACLR using patellar tendon (PT) and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts in professional male soccer players.

STUDY DESIGN

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

METHODS

A total of 5447 players from 74 clubs were followed prospectively from July 2001 to May 2022. The injury incidence (number of injuries per 1000 hours) was compared between players with ACLR and those without ACL injuries as well as for players with ACLR between a 2-year period before the ACL injury and a 2-year period after RTP. The rate ratio (RR) was calculated with the 95% confidence interval (CI) and examined for significance with statistics.

RESULTS

There were 110 ACLR cases (76 PT and 34 HT grafts) in 107 players included. Players with ACLR had a 60% higher thigh muscle injury incidence (RR, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.3-2.0]) within 2 years after RTP compared with players without ACL injuries. Players with ACLR had a doubled thigh muscle injury incidence (RR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.4-2.9]) in the 2 years after RTP compared with 2 years before their ACL injury. Players with a PT autograft had a higher quadriceps muscle injury incidence (RR, 3.5 [95% CI, 1.4-8.8]) in the 2 years after RTP compared with 2 years before their ACL injury, whereas there was no difference in the hamstring muscle injury incidence in players with an HT autograft (RR, 1.7 [95% CI, 0.5-5.8]).

CONCLUSION

ACLR in professional male soccer players was associated with an increased thigh muscle injury incidence, particularly quadriceps muscle injuries in players with a PT autograft.

摘要

背景

既往文献表明，前交叉韧带（ACL）重建（ACLR）史与未来大腿肌肉损伤之间存在重要关联，但需要更多且规模更大的研究，尤其是针对股四头肌损伤的研究。

目的

确定职业男性足球运动员在使用髌腱（PT）和腘绳肌腱（HT）自体移植物进行ACLR后恢复比赛（RTP）时，腘绳肌和股四头肌损伤的发生率。

研究设计

队列研究；证据等级，3级。

方法

从2001年7月至2022年5月，对来自74家俱乐部的5447名球员进行前瞻性随访。比较了ACLR球员与无ACL损伤球员之间的损伤发生率（每1000小时的损伤数量），以及ACLR球员在ACL损伤前2年和RTP后2年期间的损伤发生率。计算率比（RR）及其95%置信区间（CI），并通过统计学检验其显著性。

结果

纳入的107名球员中有110例ACLR病例（76例PT移植物和34例HT移植物）。与无ACL损伤的球员相比，ACLR球员在RTP后2年内大腿肌肉损伤发生率高60%（RR，1.6 [95% CI，1.3 - 2.0]）。与ACL损伤前2年相比，ACLR球员在RTP后2年大腿肌肉损伤发生率翻倍（RR，2.0 [95% CI，1.4 - 2.9]）。与ACL损伤前2年相比，接受PT自体移植物的球员在RTP后2年股四头肌损伤发生率更高（RR，3.5 [95% CI，1.4 - 8.8]），而接受HT自体移植物的球员腘绳肌损伤发生率无差异（RR，1.7 [95% CI，0.5 - 5.8]）。