Zhou Jianhao, Zhao Xin, Fan Cheng, Wu Mengjiao, Li Huibiao, Zhan Xiaonan, Liu Hong, Jiang Zheng
The First Clinical Medical College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Orthopedics & Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese, Fuzhou, China.
Stress Health. 2025 Aug;41(4):e70072. doi: 10.1002/smi.70072.
Resilience helps mitigate the negative impacts of stress and promotes effective adaptation in adverse situations. This study investigated the impact of immediate and standardized mindfulness meditation (MM) on the resilience of college students, aiming to offer adaptable MM practices for different stress scenarios. The blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) of 48 participants were assessed during rest, stress, immediate MM, and repeated stress conditions. They were then randomly distributed into two groups to undergo an 8-week standardized MM intervention (n = 24) or a sham MM intervention (n = 24). Emotional states and mindfulness levels were evaluated at baseline (W0), post-training (W8), and a 12-week follow-up (W20) using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). HRV and BP were measured under resting and stress conditions after training. Compared to the initial stress condition, immediate MM significantly enhanced normalized high-frequency HRV (nHF), while reducing BP, normalized low-frequency HRV (nLF), and LF/HF. No notable changes in HRV or BP were observed across different stress conditions. After an 8-week intervention, both groups exhibited significant reductions in DASS-21 and enhancements in FFMQ, persisting at follow-up. The standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval was notably elevated under stress compared to rest in both groups. In the meditation group, stress-induced BP significantly decreased. Immediate MM effectively reduces stress responses, while standardized MM improves resilience and offers sustained benefits, suggesting that college students can select various meditation practices to address different stress scenarios. TRAIL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ref. ChiCTR2300070457).
复原力有助于减轻压力的负面影响，并促进在不利情况下的有效适应。本研究调查了即时和标准化正念冥想（MM）对大学生复原力的影响，旨在为不同的压力场景提供适应性的MM练习。在休息、应激、即时MM和重复应激条件下，对48名参与者的血压（BP）和心率变异性（HRV）进行了评估。然后将他们随机分为两组，分别接受为期8周的标准化MM干预（n = 24）或假MM干预（n = 24）。在基线（W0）、训练后（W8）和12周随访（W20）时，使用抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-21（DASS-21）和五因素正念问卷（FFMQ）评估情绪状态和正念水平。训练后在静息和应激条件下测量HRV和BP。与初始应激条件相比，即时MM显著提高了标准化高频HRV（nHF），同时降低了BP、标准化低频HRV（nLF）和LF/HF。在不同应激条件下，未观察到HRV或BP有显著变化。经过8周的干预，两组的DASS-21均显著降低，FFMQ均显著提高，且在随访时持续存在。与静息相比，两组在应激状态下正常到正常间期的标准差均显著升高。在冥想组中，应激诱导的BP显著降低。即时MM有效地减轻了应激反应，而标准化MM提高了复原力并提供了持续的益处，这表明大学生可以选择各种冥想练习来应对不同的压力场景。试验注册：该试验已在中国临床试验注册中心注册（注册号：ChiCTR2300070457）。
