Kawamura Takuji, Higuchi Mitsuru, Radak Zsolt, Taki Yasuyuki
Smart Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
Aging (Albany NY). 2025 Jul 8;17(7):1583-1589. doi: 10.18632/aging.206278.
Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness may delay or reverse epigenetic aging, with implications for the extension of healthspan. This Perspective review defines essential exercise-related terminology and synthesizes findings from both human and animal studies examining the relationships between these factors and DNA methylation-based epigenetic clocks. While observational studies have demonstrated inverse relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and epigenetic age acceleration, interventional studies further suggest that structured exercise training can induce epigenomic rejuvenation, particularly in blood and skeletal muscle. However, these effects exhibit considerable interindividual and organ-specific variability, underscoring the need for future research to elucidate causal mechanisms and organ-specific responses in order to optimize the application of exercise as a geroprotective intervention.
新出现的证据表明，身体活动、锻炼和身体健康状况可能会延缓或逆转表观遗传衰老，这对延长健康寿命具有重要意义。本观点性综述定义了与锻炼相关的基本术语，并综合了来自人类和动物研究的结果，这些研究探讨了这些因素与基于DNA甲基化的表观遗传时钟之间的关系。虽然观察性研究已经证明心肺适能与表观遗传年龄加速之间存在负相关，但干预性研究进一步表明，有组织的运动训练可以诱导表观基因组年轻化，尤其是在血液和骨骼肌中。然而，这些效应存在相当大的个体间和器官特异性差异，这突出表明未来的研究需要阐明因果机制和器官特异性反应以便优化将运动作为一种老年保护干预措施的应用。
