Ai-Rufaei Iqbal A, Ali Sawsan A, Kareem Dhuha Adel, Majeed Majdy Faisal
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF BASRAH, BASRAH, IRAQ.
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY, COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF BASRAH, BASRAH, IRAQ.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2025;53(3):328-335. doi: 10.36740/Merkur202503105.
Aim: Our study investigated the harmful synergistic effect of lead and piroxicam treatment on liver and kidney tissue functions and morphology.
Materials and Methods: 24 male Wister rats were allocated randomly in equal numbers n=6 into four groups: (Group1): was used as the control animal group. In the control group, 0.5 mL of distilled water was given by an orogastric tube. (Group2): for 21 days, lead acetate was administered via an orogastric tube at a dose of 4 mg/kg/day according to body weight. (Group3): is given peroxicam (0.3 mg/kg/day) by the same route and dose for 21 days. Group 4: (Group4), a synergistic mixture of piroxicam (1 mg/kg/day) and lead acetate (4 mg/kg/day) was given by an orogastric tube. Liver functions were evaluated by measuring activity of alanine aminotransferase aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. Kidney functions were represented by assays of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and urea, while antioxidant status determined by malondialdehyde catalase activity and reduced-glutathione level.
Results: Liver and renal function data were estimated in serum and organs. Group2 and Group3 caused elevated serum levels of MDA, BUN, and Cre while decreasing levels of SOD and GSH in serum and liver and kidney tissue. Group4: Administration of a synergistic mixture of lead and piroxicam caused severe elevated serum levels of MDA, BUN, and Cre, while acutely decreasing levels of SOD and GSH were found in serum and liver and kidney tissue. Generally, data supported by histological examination indicated severe damage following induced oxidative stress by a synergistic mixture of piroxicam and lead compared with other groups.
Conclusions: The synergistic treatment (group 4) resulted in the most significant effects compared to the control group, as evidenced by both biochemical and histopathological measurements. Additionally, groups 2 and 3 showed negative changes in these measurements relative to the control group, but these changes were less pronounced than those observed in group 4.
本研究旨在调查铅与吡罗昔康联合治疗对肝脏和肾脏组织功能及形态的有害协同作用。
将24只雄性Wistar大鼠随机平均分为四组，每组n = 6只：（第1组）用作对照动物组。对照组经口胃管给予0.5 mL蒸馏水。（第2组）连续21天，按体重经口胃管给予醋酸铅，剂量为4 mg/kg/天。（第3组）按相同途径和剂量给予吡罗昔康（0.3 mg/kg/天），持续21天。第4组：经口胃管给予吡罗昔康（1 mg/kg/天）和醋酸铅（4 mg/kg/天）的协同混合物。通过测量丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性来评估肝功能。通过检测血尿素氮、肌酐和尿素来反映肾功能，同时通过丙二醛、过氧化氢酶活性和还原型谷胱甘肽水平来确定抗氧化状态。
对血清和器官中的肝功能和肾功能数据进行了评估。第2组和第3组导致血清中丙二醛、血尿素氮和肌酐水平升高，同时血清、肝脏和肾脏组织中的超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽水平降低。第4组：给予铅和吡罗昔康的协同混合物导致血清中丙二醛、血尿素氮和肌酐水平严重升高，同时在血清、肝脏和肾脏组织中发现超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽水平急剧下降。一般来说，组织学检查支持的数据表明，与其他组相比，吡罗昔康和铅的协同混合物诱导氧化应激后造成了严重损伤。
结论：与对照组相比，协同治疗组（第4组）产生的影响最为显著，这在生化和组织病理学测量中均得到证实。此外，第2组和第3组在这些测量中相对于对照组显示出负面变化，但这些变化不如第4组明显。
