Wan Jin, Zhou Zishu
School of Economics and Management, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China.
School of International Economics and Politics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Jul 9;13(1):761. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-03090-4.
State-Fear of Missing Out (State-FoMO) has been rising in prevalence among Chinese university students. This study explores the relationships between university students' State-FoMO, loneliness, and social media use, as well as the moderating role of adaptive perfectionism.
Questionnaire data were collected from 1075 university students. Hierarchical regression analyses (via SPSS) were conducted to test direct effects, and the bootstrap method (via PROCESS) was used to examine the mediating role of social media use and the moderating role of adaptive perfectionism. An intervention experiment was conducted with a control group design, comprising 40 participants in each of the two experimental groups (receiving a 14-day intervention combining seven sessions of group psychological counseling-focused on trust-building, self-exploration, emotional regulation, and social skills-and daily 15-minute ICBT components) and 40 in the control group.
(1) Loneliness can lead to social media use (β = 0.30, p < 0.001). (2) Social media use has a significant positive effect on State-FoMO (β = 0.46, p < 0.001). (3) Social media use partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and State-FoMO. (4) Adaptive perfectionism negatively moderated the relationship between loneliness and social media use (β=-0.11, p < 0.001). (5) Adaptive perfectionism plays a negative moderating role in the path of "loneliness, social media use, and State-FoMO." (6) Group psychological intervention can effectively reduce students' loneliness, thereby alleviating their social media use and State-FoMO.
Lonely university students often turn to social media for emotional support, which can lead to State-FoMO. However, adaptive perfectionism can lessen the effect of loneliness on social media use and State-FoMO. ICBT-based group counseling can reduce loneliness and, consequently, social media use and State-FoMO among university students.
错失恐惧状态（State-FoMO）在中国大学生中的患病率一直在上升。本研究探讨了大学生的错失恐惧状态、孤独感和社交媒体使用之间的关系，以及适应性完美主义的调节作用。
收集了1075名大学生的问卷数据。进行分层回归分析（通过SPSS）以检验直接效应，并使用自助法（通过PROCESS）来检验社交媒体使用的中介作用和适应性完美主义的调节作用。采用对照组设计进行了一项干预实验，两个实验组各有40名参与者（接受为期14天的干预，包括七节以建立信任、自我探索、情绪调节和社交技能为重点的团体心理咨询课程以及每天15分钟的互联网认知行为疗法组件），对照组有40名参与者。
（1）孤独感会导致社交媒体使用（β = 0.30，p < 0.001）。（2）社交媒体使用对错失恐惧状态有显著的正向影响（β = 0.46，p < 0.001）。（3）社交媒体使用部分中介了孤独感与错失恐惧状态之间 的关系。（4）适应性完美主义对孤独感与社交媒体使用之间的关系起负向调节作用（β = -0.11，p < 0.001）。（5）适应性完美主义在“孤独感、社交媒体使用和错失恐惧状态”的路径中起负向调节作用。（6）团体心理干预可以有效降低学生的孤独感，从而减轻他们的社交媒体使用和错失恐惧状态。
孤独的大学生经常转向社交媒体寻求情感支持，这可能导致错失恐惧状态。然而，适应性完美主义可以减轻孤独感对社交媒体使用和错失恐惧状态的影响。基于互联网认知行为疗法的团体咨询可以减少孤独感，进而减少大学生的社交媒体使用和错失恐惧状态。
