Hariharan Arvind, Iyer Janaki, Almansoori Akram, Liu Younan, Shah Meet, Pater Piotr, Lalonde Tyler, Tran Simon D
Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Medical Physics Unit, Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
PLoS One. 2025 Jul 10;20(7):e0326769. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0326769. eCollection 2025.
Salivary Glands (SGs) are vital organs that are particularly prone to damage due to head and neck cancer radiation treatment, as well as other autoimmune disorders. SG hypofunction often impairs the production of saliva, which causes a significant loss of functioning for the oral cavity. There are a multitude of treatments for rescuing SG hypofunction; however, they are usually administered systemically, causing adverse effects and requiring higher doses of the agents. More localised approaches have demonstrated adequate potential as alternative treatments but are still in their initial stages of investigation. This study proposes a localised delivery technique termed as the 'Intraglandular (IG) Non-Surgical Transcutaneous Injection,' to deliver cell and cell-free therapies into the submandibular salivary glands (SMGs) of mice. First, we used anatomical landmarks, radiography, and tissue dissection to devise a method to localise the center of the SMGs with either a pen marker or a customized plastic stent. Second, we used a dye (trypan blue) to verify the accuracy of the injection technique to the SMGs. Third, we injected Green Fluorescent Protein Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (GFP + ve BM-MSC) and tracked them for 7 days in SMGs to further demonstrate that the cells were embedded into SMG tissue and that our injection technique did not injure the glandular morphology. We therefore hypothesize that this IG technique would provide a less invasive, lower dose and highly accurate administration of cell and cell-free therapies to hypofunctional mice SMGs.
唾液腺(SGs)是重要器官,特别容易因头颈癌放射治疗以及其他自身免疫性疾病而受损。唾液腺功能减退常常会损害唾液分泌,导致口腔功能严重丧失。有多种治疗方法可挽救唾液腺功能减退;然而,这些治疗通常是全身性给药,会产生副作用且需要更高剂量的药物。更局部化的方法已显示出作为替代治疗的充分潜力,但仍处于研究初期。本研究提出一种局部给药技术,称为“腺内(IG)非手术经皮注射”,将细胞和无细胞疗法递送至小鼠下颌下唾液腺(SMGs)。首先,我们利用解剖标志、放射成像和组织解剖设计了一种方法,用钢笔标记或定制塑料支架来定位下颌下唾液腺的中心。其次,我们使用一种染料(台盼蓝)来验证注射技术对下颌下唾液腺的准确性。第三,我们注射绿色荧光蛋白骨髓间充质干细胞(GFP + ve BM-MSC)并在小鼠下颌下唾液腺中追踪它们7天,以进一步证明细胞已嵌入下颌下唾液腺组织,且我们的注射技术未损伤腺体形态。因此,我们假设这种腺内技术将为功能减退的小鼠下颌下唾液腺提供一种侵入性较小、剂量较低且高度精确的细胞和无细胞疗法给药方式。