Kumbasar Ulas, Dikmen Erkan, Dikmen Zeliha Gunnur, Tenekeci Ates, Mender Ilgen, Gryaznov Sergei, Bilgin Burak, Kilickap Saadettin
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Türkiye.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Türkiye.
Cells. 2025 Jun 25;14(13):971. doi: 10.3390/cells14130971.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Nonetheless, deeper molecular understanding of NSCLC has resulted in novel therapeutic approaches, including targeted therapy and immunotherapy, which have improved patient prognosis and outcomes in recent years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), with or without chemotherapy, are now considered valuable components of treatment for NSCLC cases that do not have specific actionable genetic mutations. Patients with actionable genetic mutations are candidates for targeted therapies. The primary focus of this review is the rationale for using ICIs in the perioperative setting for patients with resectable NSCLC and in advanced disease settings. Furthermore, we compare the benefits of using ICIs with the challenges associated with their clinical implementation in resectable and advanced NSCLC. Finally, we emphasize the development of novel treatment strategies that potentially provide an optimal treatment choice for patients with advanced NSCLC.
非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。尽管如此，对NSCLC更深入的分子理解已带来了新的治疗方法，包括靶向治疗和免疫治疗，这些方法近年来改善了患者的预后和治疗结果。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI），无论是否联合化疗，现在都被认为是无特定可操作基因突变的NSCLC病例治疗的重要组成部分。有可操作基因突变的患者是靶向治疗的候选者。本综述的主要重点是在可切除NSCLC患者的围手术期以及晚期疾病情况下使用ICI的理论依据。此外，我们比较了使用ICI的益处与在可切除和晚期NSCLC中临床应用相关的挑战。最后，我们强调了新型治疗策略的发展，这些策略可能为晚期NSCLC患者提供最佳治疗选择。
