Liu Longchan, Zhang Haoyue, Li Linnan, Fan Wenxiang, Yang Li, Wang Zhengtao
The State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
The State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2025 Nov 15;265:117053. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2025.117053. Epub 2025 Jul 4.
Shengmai formula decoction (SMD) has beneficial pharmacological effects in inflammatory and metabolic diseases. Ginsenosides are important contributors to the pharmacological effects of SMD. However, the differences in the ginsenoside profile before and after compatibility decoction and the underlying interaction transformation were unclear, which restricted the rational usage and product development of SMD. A 3 M profiling strategy (Mass defect filtering (MDF), molecular networking and metabolomics) based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was employed to characterize ginsenosides in Panax ginseng C.A.Mey (PG) and SMD while identifying differences. Network pharmacology was subsequently utilized to evaluate their bioactivity changes. As a result, a total of 155 ginsenosides were identified via the above method; 136 were detected in PG, and 95 were detected in SMD. 36 different ginsenosides were found based on metabonomics, 13 were more abundant in SMD than in PG, primarily consisting of rare ginsenosides with fewer sugar linkages, including Rh1, Rg2, Rg3, Ro, Rs3, Rk1, Rg5, Rs4, Rs5, and others. The contents of 23 ginsenosides decreased, primarily consisting of macro ginsenosides with more attached sugar groups, including Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rd, Rs1, Rs2, and others. Disassembled prescription revealed that the coexistence of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (SC) accelerated ginsenoside transformation due to its strong acidity. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that ginsenosides produced in SMD significantly enhance anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. This study successfully analyzed the diversity and bioactivity changes of ginsenosides in SMD, providing a scientific foundation for optimizing its preparation and therapeutic applications.
生脉方汤剂（SMD）在炎症性和代谢性疾病中具有有益的药理作用。人参皂苷是SMD药理作用的重要贡献者。然而，配伍煎煮前后人参皂苷谱的差异以及潜在的相互作用转化尚不清楚，这限制了SMD的合理使用和产品开发。采用基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）的3M分析策略（质量亏损过滤（MDF）、分子网络和代谢组学）来表征人参（PG）和SMD中的人参皂苷，同时识别差异。随后利用网络药理学评估它们的生物活性变化。结果，通过上述方法共鉴定出155种人参皂苷；在PG中检测到136种，在SMD中检测到95种。基于代谢组学发现了36种不同的人参皂苷，其中13种在SMD中的含量高于PG，主要由糖连接较少的稀有人参皂苷组成，包括Rh1、Rg2、Rg3、Ro、Rs3、Rk1、Rg5、Rs4、Rs5等。23种人参皂苷的含量降低，主要由连接糖基较多的大分子人参皂苷组成，包括Rg1、Re、Rf、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rd、Rs1、Rs2等。拆方显示，五味子（SC）的共存因其强酸性加速了人参皂苷的转化。网络药理学分析表明，SMD中产生的人参皂苷显著增强了抗癌和抗炎作用。本研究成功分析了SMD中人参皂苷的多样性和生物活性变化，为优化其制剂和治疗应用提供了科学依据。
