Iannone Dalila, Cagliani Laura Ruth, Consonni Roberto
Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta" (SCITEC), National Research Council, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Foods. 2025 Jun 25;14(13):2234. doi: 10.3390/foods14132234.
Honeydew honey represents a bee-derived product with different organoleptic characteristics and distinct properties with respect to floral honey. The market interest in honeydew honey has been growing in recent years due to its higher bioactive characteristics with respect to floral honey. The need for a deeper chemical characterization aimed to evaluate a possible botanical differentiation attracted the use of different analytical approaches. The present work aims to distinguish the botanical honeydew origin by using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and a multivariate approach. Two different data pretreatments have been considered to obtain the best sample discrimination. The saccharide content significantly affects the differentiation of the botanical variety consisting of fir, oak, citrus fruits, eucalyptus, and forest mainly by using a classification approach taking advantage of the Orthogonal Signal Correction filters. Notwithstanding the botanical diversity of the honeydew honey (HDH) samples, fir honeydew (F-HDH), oak honeydew (O-HDH), and eucalyptus honeydew (E-HDH) resulted always well discriminated among all the botanical varieties investigated, while citrus fruits honeydew (CF-HD) and forest honeydew (FO-HDH) did not. In particular, F-HDH resulted characterized by sucrose, erlose, maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, and melezitose, E-HDH resulted enriched in α, β-glucose and β-fructose in furanosidic form, and O-HDH enriched in β-fructose in furanosidic form, isomaltose.
甘露蜜是一种源自蜜蜂的产品，与花蜜相比具有不同的感官特性和独特性质。近年来，由于甘露蜜相对于花蜜具有更高的生物活性特性，市场对其兴趣不断增长。为了评估可能的植物来源差异而进行更深入化学表征的需求促使人们采用不同的分析方法。本研究旨在利用核磁共振（NMR）光谱和多变量方法来区分甘露蜜的植物来源。考虑了两种不同的数据预处理方法以获得最佳的样品区分效果。糖类含量主要通过利用正交信号校正滤波器的分类方法，对由冷杉、橡树、柑橘类水果、桉树和森林组成的植物品种的区分有显著影响。尽管甘露蜜（HDH）样品具有植物多样性，但在所研究的所有植物品种中，冷杉甘露蜜（F-HDH）、橡树甘露蜜（O-HDH）和桉树甘露蜜（E-HDH）始终能得到很好的区分，而柑橘类水果甘露蜜（CF-HD）和森林甘露蜜（FO-HDH）则不能。具体而言，F-HDH的特征在于含有蔗糖、松二糖、麦芽糖、麦芽三糖、麦芽四糖和蜜三糖，E-HDH富含呋喃糖苷形式的α、β-葡萄糖和β-果糖，而O-HDH富含呋喃糖苷形式的β-果糖、异麦芽糖。
