Iman Ait El Haj, Onel Cristina, Furau Gheorghe, Furau Cristian, Furau Roxana, Lucan Mihai, Sandor Mircea, Sachelarie Liliana, Huniadi Anca
Department of Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western University "Vasile Goldis" of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Jul 3;15(13):1704. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15131704.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder during pregnancy, associated with increased risks for both maternal and fetal complications. Insulin resistance plays a central role in its pathophysiology. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) in diagnosing GDM and to explore its correlation with clinical and anthropometric parameters in a Romanian population. A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 320 pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. Based on ADA criteria, participants were divided into 160 with GDM and 160 controls, matched by age and gestational week. Fasting glucose, insulin, BMI, and blood pressure were assessed. HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were calculated. Statistical analyses included -tests, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression. : HOMA-IR was significantly higher in the GDM group (2.9 vs. 1.8; < 0.001). It correlated with fasting insulin (r = 0.85, < 0.001), fasting glucose (r = 0.65, < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.60, < 0.001), and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.42, < 0.001). Logistic regression identified HOMA-IR as an independent predictor of GDM (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.6-3.5, < 0.001), along with BMI ( = 0.01) and maternal age ( = 0.05). HOMA-IR is significantly associated with GDM and may enhance mid-gestational risk assessment when combined with clinical and anthropometric measures. Further studies are needed to validate its predictive accuracy in broader populations.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是孕期常见的代谢紊乱疾病，与母婴并发症风险增加相关。胰岛素抵抗在其病理生理过程中起核心作用。本研究旨在评估胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）在诊断GDM中的预测价值，并探讨其与罗马尼亚人群临床及人体测量学参数的相关性。对320名妊娠24至28周的孕妇进行了一项回顾性病例对照研究。根据美国糖尿病协会（ADA）标准，将参与者分为160例GDM患者和160例对照，按年龄和孕周匹配。评估空腹血糖、胰岛素、体重指数（BMI）和血压。计算HOMA-IR和HOMA-β。统计分析包括t检验、Pearson相关性分析和逻辑回归。结果显示：GDM组的HOMA-IR显著更高（2.9对1.8；P<0.001）。它与空腹胰岛素（r = 0.85，P<0.001）、空腹血糖（r = 0.65，P<0.001）、BMI（r = 0.60，P<0.001）和收缩压（r = 0.42，P<0.001）相关。逻辑回归确定HOMA-IR是GDM的独立预测因子（OR = 2.4，95%置信区间：1.6 - 3.5，P<0.001），同时还有BMI（P = 0.01）和母亲年龄（P = 0.05）。HOMA-IR与GDM显著相关，与临床和人体测量指标联合使用时可增强孕中期风险评估。需要进一步研究以验证其在更广泛人群中的预测准确性。
