Sha Luqiong, Yin Yanyan, Xue Yilin, Zou Xue, Zheng Bingsong, Zhang Jianhong, Yan Daoliang
National Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo 315000, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jun 23;14(13):1919. doi: 10.3390/plants14131919.
Ait. is a star substitute for "tea" in recent years. At present, research on mainly focuses on its breeding and cultivation, and there are few reports on the seasonal changes of important components such as leaf nutrients. This study focuses on the leaves of the topmost annual branches of . Leaves were harvested at different stages, and the nutrient elements, antioxidant substances, antioxidant capacity, and aroma components in the leaves were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the content of mineral elements, soluble sugars, vitamin C, amino acids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, caffeine, and catechins, as well as the DPPH free radical scavenging ability, ABTS cation free radical scavenging ability, and FRAP iron ion reduction ability in the leaves of showed significant differences with seasonal changes. The mineral element content in spring leaves is relatively high. Flavonoids and polyphenols are the main antioxidant substances in the leaves of , indicating that the antioxidant capacity of spring leaves is the strongest. The content of aroma components in the leaves of in spring is the highest, with alcohols ranging from 54.93% to 66.08%, followed by ketones from 17.63% to 48.07%, and aldehydes from 21.27% to 38.51%. Overall, spring leaves are more suitable for harvesting, development, and utilization.
近年来，Ait.是“茶”的一种明星替代品。目前，对其研究主要集中在育种和栽培方面，而关于叶片养分等重要成分的季节变化报道较少。本研究聚焦于Ait.一年生最上部枝条的叶片。在不同阶段采集叶片，测定并分析叶片中的营养元素、抗氧化物质、抗氧化能力和香气成分。结果表明，Ait.叶片中的矿质元素、可溶性糖、维生素C、氨基酸、黄酮类、多酚类、皂苷类、咖啡因和儿茶素含量，以及DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS阳离子自由基清除能力和FRAP铁离子还原能力随季节变化存在显著差异。春季叶片中的矿质元素含量相对较高。黄酮类和多酚类是Ait.叶片中的主要抗氧化物质，表明春季叶片的抗氧化能力最强。春季Ait.叶片中的香气成分含量最高，其中醇类占54.93%至66.08%，其次是酮类占17.63%至48.07%，醛类占21.27%至38.51%。总体而言，春季叶片更适合采收、开发和利用。
