Bal-Bocheńska Monika, Wyszyńska Justyna, Kołodziej Magdalena
Faculty of Health and Psychology Sciences, University of Rzeszów, al. Tadeusza Rejtana 16c, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
Podkarpackie Center for Lung Diseases, University Clinical Hospital in Rzeszów, ul. Lubelska 2, 35-241 Rzeszów, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jun 26;14(13):4533. doi: 10.3390/jcm14134533.
: Post-COVID syndrome is characterized by persistent symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, and reduced exercise tolerance, which can significantly impair pulmonary function and quality of life. Pulmonary rehabilitation has been proposed as a potential intervention to address these challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a pulmonary rehabilitation program on pulmonary function, inflammatory markers, and quality of life in patients with post-COVID syndrome. : A prospective, interventional, non-randomized clinical trial was conducted involving 77 participants (mean age 59.4 ± 11.6 years; 39% female) who attended a post-COVID care clinic in Rzeszów, Poland. The intervention included supervised respiratory and aerobic exercises, muscle strengthening, and body balance therapy, alongside motivational breathing therapy. Pulmonary function (spirometry, plethysmography, gasometry), inflammatory markers (CRP, WBC, D-dimer), and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. : Significant improvements were observed in pulmonary function parameters post-rehabilitation, including increases in forced vital capacity (FVC, 75% to 78.4%, < 0.001), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1, 78.2% to 80.5%, < 0.001), and total lung capacity (TLC, 67.3% to 71%, < 0.001). The diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) improved by 6.2% ( < 0.001). Arterial oxygen pressure (PaO) increased by 7.6 mmHg ( < 0.001). Markers of inflammation, including CRP (8.9 to 1.3 mg/dL, < 0.001) and d-dimer (1722.2 to 203.4 ng/mL, < 0.001), showed significant reductions. Quality of life improved across physical, psychological, and environmental domains. Sex, BMI, and baseline inflammatory markers were significant determinants of rehabilitation outcomes. : A pulmonary rehabilitation program significantly improved pulmonary function, reduced systemic inflammation, and enhanced quality of life in individuals with post-COVID syndrome. The findings highlight the importance of tailored rehabilitation in mitigating long-term post-COVID sequelae. Future research should explore the long-term effects of rehabilitation and its applicability in diverse populations.
新冠后综合征的特征是出现诸如呼吸困难、疲劳和运动耐量下降等持续症状，这些症状会显著损害肺功能和生活质量。肺康复已被提议作为应对这些挑战的一种潜在干预措施。本研究旨在评估肺康复计划对新冠后综合征患者肺功能、炎症标志物和生活质量的影响。
一项前瞻性、干预性、非随机临床试验纳入了77名参与者（平均年龄59.4±11.6岁；39%为女性），他们在波兰热舒夫的一家新冠后护理诊所就诊。干预措施包括有监督的呼吸和有氧运动、肌肉强化训练、身体平衡疗法以及激励性呼吸疗法。在干预前后评估肺功能（肺量计、体积描记法、气体分析）、炎症标志物（CRP、白细胞、D - 二聚体）和生活质量（WHOQOL - BREF）。
康复后肺功能参数有显著改善，包括用力肺活量（FVC，从75%增至78.4%，<0.001）、一秒用力呼气量（FEV1，从78.2%增至80.5%，<0.001）和肺总量（TLC，从67.3%增至71%，<0.001）。一氧化碳弥散量（DLCO）提高了6.2%（<0.001）。动脉血氧分压（PaO）升高了7.6 mmHg（<0.001）。包括CRP（从8.9降至1.3 mg/dL，<0.001）和D - 二聚体（从1722.2降至203.4 ng/mL，<0.001）在内的炎症标志物显著降低。生活质量在身体、心理和环境领域均有所改善。性别、体重指数和基线炎症标志物是康复结果的重要决定因素。
肺康复计划显著改善了新冠后综合征患者的肺功能，减轻了全身炎症反应，并提高了生活质量。研究结果凸显了量身定制康复措施在减轻新冠后长期后遗症方面的重要性。未来的研究应探索康复的长期效果及其在不同人群中的适用性。
