Andreeva Elena, Zhidkova Olga, Matveeva Diana, Gornostaeva Aleksandra, Lobanova Margarita, Buravkova Ludmila
Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jun 30;26(13):6301. doi: 10.3390/ijms26136301.
Cell technologies have provided promising tools for modulating the properties of multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) to meet the needs of cell therapy as well as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). Ex vivo preconditioning is directed at enhancing the engraftment of MSCs and activating their secretory activity, primarily the production of soluble mediators. The present review aims to highlight the underestimated effect of the most accepted preconditioning approaches on the modification of the important set of insoluble molecules secreted by MSCs into extracellular space-the extracellular matrix (ECM). A thorough review of the published literature was performed, with particular emphasis on ECM-related data. The analysis of data on ECM changes showed that most of the applied preconditioning methods-hypoxia, inflammatory priming, pharmacological agents, 3D culture, and scaffolds-generally stimulate ECM production, increase the deposition of growth factors, promote alignment, and increase ECM stiffness. There are already preliminary results demonstrating the successful application of preconditioned ECM for promoting angiogenesis, targeted stromal lineage differentiation, and other therapeutic goals. The prospects for further research in this area are discussed.
细胞技术为调节多能间充质干细胞（MSCs）的特性提供了有前景的工具，以满足细胞治疗以及组织工程和再生医学（TERM）的需求。体外预处理旨在增强MSCs的植入并激活其分泌活性，主要是可溶性介质的产生。本综述旨在强调最常用的预处理方法对修饰MSCs分泌到细胞外空间的重要不溶性分子集——细胞外基质（ECM）的低估作用。对已发表文献进行了全面综述，特别强调了与ECM相关的数据。对ECM变化数据的分析表明，大多数应用的预处理方法——缺氧、炎症引发、药物制剂、3D培养和支架——通常会刺激ECM产生，增加生长因子的沉积，促进排列，并增加ECM硬度。已经有初步结果证明预处理后的ECM在促进血管生成、靶向基质谱系分化和其他治疗目标方面的成功应用。讨论了该领域进一步研究的前景。
