Yu Li Hazel, Marceau Kristine, Knopik Valerie S, Baker Laura
Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Behav Genet. 2025 Jul 12. doi: 10.1007/s10519-025-10222-4.
Previous studies robustly link childhood peer victimization experience to the timing of substance use initiation. However, no study has investigated the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to this link. The current study focused on a sample of 779 twin pairs followed from age 9-10 to 19-20, which is racially/ethnically and socioeconomically representative of the greater Los Angeles area. The aims were to investigate (1) the associations between childhood victimization, including physical (e.g., kicking, pushing), verbal (e.g., taunting), and relational victimization (e.g., spreading rumors), and timing of substance use initiation, and (2) the contributions of genetic/environmental factors to these associations. Multinomial logistic regressions revealed several small associations, but none of these survived corrections for multiple testing. Univariate genetic models suggested genetic (A) and nonshared environmental influences (E) on verbal victimization (V = .43, V = .57), shared environmental (C) and nonshared environmental factors on relational victimization (V = .22, V = .78), and ambiguous familial influences and E on physical victimization (V = .34, V = .66; V = .26, V = .74). Timing of cigarette initiation were explained by A, C, and E (V = .48, V = .31, V = .21). Quantitative sex differences in contributions of A, C, and E were detected for alcohol (V = .90, V = .10; V = .86, V = .14) and marijuana initiation (V = .89, V = .11; V = .79, V = .21); however, A could be dropped for females and C could be dropped for males across both variables. Multivariate twin analyses were not feasible, due to the low cross-trait correlations. These findings call into question the robustness of links between self-reported victimization in childhood and prospectively measured timing of substance initiation across adolescence.
以往的研究有力地将童年时期同伴受害经历与开始使用毒品的时间联系起来。然而，尚无研究调查基因和环境因素对这种联系的影响。当前的研究聚焦于779对双胞胎样本，这些双胞胎从9 - 10岁追踪至19 - 20岁，在种族/民族和社会经济方面代表了大洛杉矶地区。研究目的是调查：（1）童年受害经历（包括身体伤害，如踢、推；言语伤害，如嘲讽；关系伤害，如散布谣言）与开始使用毒品时间之间的关联；（2）基因/环境因素对这些关联的影响。多项逻辑回归揭示了一些小的关联，但经过多重检验校正后，这些关联均未成立。单变量遗传模型表明，基因（A）和非共享环境影响（E）对言语伤害有作用（V = 0.43，V = 0.57），共享环境（C）和非共享环境因素对关系伤害有作用（V = 0.22，V = 0.78），而家庭影响和E对身体伤害的作用不明确（V = 0.34，V = 0.66；V = 0.26，V = 0.74）。开始吸烟的时间可由A、C和E解释（V = 0.48，V = 0.31，V = 0.21）。在酒精（V = 0.90，V = 0.10；V = 0.86，V = 0.14）和开始使用大麻方面，检测到A、C和E贡献存在性别定量差异；然而，对于这两个变量，女性的A因素和男性的C因素均可忽略不计。由于跨性状相关性较低，多变量双胞胎分析不可行。这些发现使人质疑童年自我报告的受害经历与青春期前瞻性测量的开始使用毒品时间之间联系的稳健性。
