Grucza R, Lecroart J L, Hauser J J, Houdas Y
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1985;54(3):309-14. doi: 10.1007/BF00426151.
The dynamics of sweating was investigated at rest in 8 men and 8 women. Electrical skin resistance (ESR), rectal temperature (Tre) and mean skin temperature (Tsk) were measured in subjects exposed to 40 degrees C environmental temperature, 30% relative air humidity, and 1 m X s-1 air flow. Sweat rate was computed from continuous measurement of the whole body weight loss. It was found that increases in Tre, Tsk and mean body temperature (Tb) were higher in women than in men by 0.16, 0.38 and 0.21 degrees C, but only the difference in delta Tb was significant (p less than 0.05). The dynamics of sweating in men and women respectively, was as follows: delay (td) 7.8 and 18.1 min (p less than 0.01), time constant (tau) 7.5 and 8.8 min (N.S.), inertia time (ti) 15.3 and 26.9 min (p less than 0.002), and total body weight loss 153 and 111 g X m-2 X h-1 (p less than 0.001). Dynamic parameters of ESR did not differ significantly between men and women. Inertia times of ESR and sweat rate correlated in men (r = 0.93, p less than 0.001), and in women (r = 0.76, p less than 0.02). In men, delta Tre correlated with inertia time of sweat rate (r = 0.81, p less than 0.01) as well as with the inertia time of ESR (r = 0.83, p less than 0.001). No relation was found between delta Tre and the dynamics of sweating in women. It is concluded that the dynamics of sweating plays a decisive role in limiting delta Tre in men under dry heat exposure. The later onset of sweating in women does not influence the rectal temperature increase significantly. In women, delta Tre is probably limited by a complex interaction of sweating, skin blood flow increase, and metabolic rate decrease.
对8名男性和8名女性在静息状态下的出汗动态进行了研究。在环境温度为40摄氏度、相对空气湿度为30%、气流速度为1米/秒的条件下，测量受试者的皮肤电阻（ESR）、直肠温度（Tre）和平均皮肤温度（Tsk）。通过连续测量全身体重减轻来计算出汗率。结果发现，女性的Tre、Tsk和平均体温（Tb）升高幅度分别比男性高0.16、0.38和0.21摄氏度，但只有ΔTb的差异具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。男性和女性的出汗动态分别如下：延迟时间（td）7.8和18.1分钟（p<0.01），时间常数（tau）7.5和8.8分钟（无统计学差异），惯性时间（ti）15.3和26.9分钟（p<0.002），全身体重减轻153和111克·平方米⁻¹·小时⁻¹（p<0.001）。男性和女性的ESR动态参数无显著差异。男性中ESR和出汗率的惯性时间呈正相关（r = 0.93，p<0.001），女性中也呈正相关（r = 0.76，p<0.02）。在男性中ΔTre与出汗率的惯性时间呈正相关（r = 0.81，p<0.01），也与ESR的惯性时间呈正相关（r = 0.83，p<0.001）。未发现女性中ΔTre与出汗动态之间存在关联。研究得出结论，在干热暴露下，出汗动态在限制男性的ΔTre方面起决定性作用。女性出汗开始较晚对直肠温度升高没有显著影响。在女性中，ΔTre可能受到出汗、皮肤血流量增加和代谢率降低等复杂相互作用的限制。
