Lampert Christopher, Holzapfel Boris Michael, Böcker Wolfgang, Lerchenberger Maximilian
Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Muskuloskelettales Universitätszentrum München (MUM), LMU Klinikum, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb). 2025 Jul 12. doi: 10.1007/s00113-025-01606-6.
Peri-implant fractures of the femur and tibia shaft represent an increasing challenge in the clinical routine due to rising incidence, an aging and multimorbid patient population and often unfavorable postoperative outcomes. This article provides an overview of classification systems, diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies, with particular emphasis on aspects relevant to geriatric trauma care. The Vancouver, Lewis-Rorabeck, and Felix classifications form the basis for making treatment decisions in periprosthetic fractures of the femur and tibia. The management is primarily guided by the fracture location, implant stability, and bone quality. In cases of stable implants, locking plate osteosynthesis or intramedullary nailing is commonly used. When prosthetic loosening is present (e.g., Vancouver B2/B3 or Lewis-Rorabeck type III classification), revision arthroplasty is generally required. Interprosthetic fractures represent a distinct biomechanical challenge due to the presence of the implant and necessitate lengthy, locking bridging constructs or, in selected cases, the use of a megaprosthesis. In the context of geriatric trauma care, early mobilization that enables immediate full weight-bearing and interdisciplinary treatment within a certified geriatric trauma center are essential to reduce morbidity, mortality and the level of long-term care needed. Furthermore, the use of cemented stems can reduce the risk of periprosthetic proximal femoral fractures. These aspects should be incorporated into the management of geriatric trauma patients to contribute to an improvement in long-term outcomes.
由于发病率上升、患者群体老龄化且多病共存以及术后结果往往不理想,股骨和胫骨干周围的种植体周围骨折在临床实践中构成了越来越大的挑战。本文概述了分类系统、诊断方法和治疗策略,特别强调了与老年创伤护理相关的方面。温哥华、刘易斯 - 罗拉贝克和费利克斯分类法构成了股骨和胫骨假体周围骨折治疗决策的基础。治疗主要依据骨折部位、种植体稳定性和骨质。对于稳定的种植体,通常采用锁定钢板接骨术或髓内钉固定。当存在假体松动时(如温哥华B2/B3型或刘易斯 - 罗拉贝克III型分类),一般需要进行翻修关节成形术。由于存在种植体,假体间骨折代表了独特的生物力学挑战,需要使用长的锁定桥接结构,或在特定情况下使用超大假体。在老年创伤护理方面,早期活动以实现立即完全负重以及在经认证的老年创伤中心进行跨学科治疗对于降低发病率、死亡率和所需的长期护理水平至关重要。此外,使用骨水泥型柄可以降低假体周围股骨近端骨折的风险。这些方面应纳入老年创伤患者的管理中,以有助于改善长期结果。