Lillien L E, Claude P
Exp Cell Res. 1985 Dec;161(2):255-68. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(85)90083-7.
Adrenal chromaffin cells and sympathetic neurons are both derivatives of the neural crest. Despite their morphological and functional differences, chromaffin cells retain some developmental plasticity and if treated with Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), can express certain characteristics of sympathetic neurons. However, there is some age and species variability in the response of chromaffin cells to NGF: in general chromaffin cells from adult animals are not considered to be dependent on NGF for survival, and chromaffin cells from adults of several species fail to respond to NGF in vitro by growing neurites. This is in contrast to the dramatic effects of NGF on chromaffin cells from perinatal rats. We have examined the requirements of chromaffin cells from adult rhesus monkeys to survive, to proliferate, and to express a neuronal morphology in vitro. NGF greatly enhances the proportion of rhesus chromaffin cells that form neurites and the length of the neurites that are formed, but the conversion to a neuronal phenotype is more limited than in chromaffin cells cultured from young rats. NGF also enhances rhesus chromaffin cell survival, but fails to stimulate their proliferation, in contrast to its effect on perinatal rat cells [18]. Glucocorticoid hormones (GCs) specifically antagonize the effects of NGF on neuritic outgrowth while promoting chromaffin cell survival. Thus adrenal chromaffin cells from rhesus monkeys retain a degree of developmental plasticity even in the adult animal.
肾上腺嗜铬细胞和交感神经元均为神经嵴的衍生物。尽管它们在形态和功能上存在差异，但嗜铬细胞仍保留一定的发育可塑性，若用神经生长因子（NGF）处理，可表达交感神经元的某些特征。然而，嗜铬细胞对NGF的反应存在一定的年龄和物种差异：一般而言，成年动物的嗜铬细胞不被认为依赖NGF来维持生存，几种成年物种的嗜铬细胞在体外对NGF无反应，不会长出神经突。这与NGF对围产期大鼠嗜铬细胞的显著作用形成对比。我们研究了成年恒河猴嗜铬细胞在体外存活、增殖以及表达神经元形态的条件。NGF极大地提高了恒河猴嗜铬细胞形成神经突的比例以及所形成神经突的长度，但向神经元表型的转化比从幼鼠培养的嗜铬细胞更有限。与对围产期大鼠细胞的作用相反，NGF还能提高恒河猴嗜铬细胞的存活率，但不能刺激其增殖[18]。糖皮质激素（GCs）能特异性拮抗NGF对神经突生长的作用，同时促进嗜铬细胞存活。因此，即使在成年动物中，恒河猴的肾上腺嗜铬细胞仍保留一定程度的发育可塑性。
