Liu Qianyuan, Chen Yaxuan, Xue Zijing, Chen Yanmei, Jiang Jianming
Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China.
Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jul 12;25(1):909. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06946-4.
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS) is used in the treatment of insomnia in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the underlying drivers of the contents of medicinal components in ZSS are inadequately understood.
In this study, samples of the roots, leaves, and fruits of were collected from 24 habitats. The contents of four medicinal components, ten leaf traits, eight root traits, and nine soil characteristics were then analyzed.
The contents of jujuboside A, jujuboside B, spinosin, and 6’’’-feruloyl spinosin of ZSS in Lincheng were 0.52–4.41, 0.22–0.87, 0.53–1.89, and 0.25–0.80 mg·g, respectively. The contents of jujuboside A, spinosin, and 6’’’-feruloyl spinosin increased with increasing altitude at a range of 60–500 m. Environmental factors, plant traits and their combined effects explained 16.06%, 14.24% and 39.68% of the contents of medicinal components in ZSS, respectively. Among environmental factors, soil total potassium and phosphorus had a greater impact on the contents of medicinal components in ZSS, in contrast to soil total organic carbon and nitrogen. Among plant traits, root total carbon, specific root length, leaf total carbon, the photosynthetic parameter, and water use efficiency were the main contributors to changes in the contents of medicinal components in ZSS.
Therefore, management methods of jujube cultivation need to adjust based on the characteristics of soils and local environmental factors. These results can provide a basis for predicting the quality of medicinal components of ZSS by measuring easily obtained plant functional traits.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-025-06946-4.
酸枣仁在中医中用于治疗失眠。然而，对酸枣仁中药用成分含量的潜在驱动因素了解不足。
本研究从24个产地采集了酸枣的根、叶和果实样本。然后分析了四种药用成分的含量、十个叶性状、八个根性状和九个土壤特征。
临城酸枣仁中酸枣仁皂苷A、酸枣仁皂苷B、斯皮诺素和6'''-阿魏酰斯皮诺素的含量分别为0.52–4.41、0.22–0.87、0.53–1.89和0.25–0.80 mg·g。在60–500米范围内，酸枣仁皂苷A、斯皮诺素和6'''-阿魏酰斯皮诺素的含量随海拔升高而增加。环境因素、植物性状及其综合效应分别解释了酸枣仁中药用成分含量的16.06%、14.24%和39.68%。在环境因素中，土壤全钾和全磷对酸枣仁中药用成分含量的影响较大，而土壤总有机碳和总氮的影响较小。在植物性状中，根总碳、比根长、叶总碳、光合参数和水分利用效率是酸枣仁中药用成分含量变化的主要贡献因素。
因此，枣树栽培管理方法需要根据土壤特性和当地环境因素进行调整。这些结果可为通过测量容易获得的植物功能性状来预测酸枣仁药用成分质量提供依据。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12870-025-06946-4获取的补充材料。
