Chen Qianping, Sun Yuting, Hu Xianrun, Xie Qi, Liu Wenkang, Lei Jinchun, Cheng Xuemei, Li Wenyan, Wang Changhong
The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China; National Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, 219 Miao Pu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jul 11;353(Pt A):120281. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2025.120281.
Gastric ulcer (GU) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disease. Codonopsis Radix (CR), including three species of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. (CP), C. pilosula Nannf. var. modesta (Nannf.) L. T. Shen (CPM) and C. tangshen Oliv. (CT), is a traditional Chinese herb widely used to enhance the function of the spleen and regulate the gastrointestinal tract, which is effective in treating GU. Nevertheless, the pharmacodynamic material basis and underline mechanism of CR for the gastroprotection remains unknown.
This study aims to explore the gastroprotective efficacy and potential mechanistic of different species and fractions from CR on ethanol-induced rat GU model, and to clarify the active substances that expressed pharmacological effects based on spectrum-effect relationship study.
Ethanol extracts from three different species of CR and different fractions from extract of CPM were administered orally to rats once daily with dosage of 3, 9, 18 g/kg for 7 days prior to the ethanol-induced GU model being established. After modeling, samples were taken for histopathological and biochemical analysis to elucidate the mechanism. In addition, grey relational analysis (GRA) was utilized to establish the relationship between pharmacodynamic indices and chromatographic patterns. And then, the anti-GU effects of underline active ingredients tangshenoside I (TSI) and lobetyolin (LBT) were further validated.
Pretreatment with the different species and fractions of CR could effectively improve gastric damage and reduce ulcer index in rats, with CPM showing the best efficacy. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were enhanced while the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was decreased, suggesting antioxidant effects. Additionally, they demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties by regulating the concentrations of inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and nitric oxide (NO). Furthermore, the results of the spectrum-effect relationship and pharmacodynamic validation showed that TSI and LBT could be considered as the main components of CR for treating GU.
CR has a good effect on preventing GU. TSI and LBT are potentially active compounds in the gastroprotective effects of CR. Altogether, they exert the anti-GU effect through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways.
胃溃疡（GU）是一种常见的胃肠道疾病。党参（CR）包括党参（Franch.）Nannf.（CP）、党参Nannf.变种 modest（Nannf.）L.T.Shen（CPM）和党参Oliv.（CT）三种，是一种传统的中草药，广泛用于增强脾脏功能和调节胃肠道，对治疗胃溃疡有效。然而，党参对胃保护的药效物质基础和潜在机制尚不清楚。
本研究旨在探讨党参不同品种和部位对乙醇诱导的大鼠胃溃疡模型的胃保护作用及其潜在机制，并基于谱效关系研究阐明发挥药理作用的活性物质。
在建立乙醇诱导的胃溃疡模型前7天，将三种不同党参品种的乙醇提取物和CPM提取物的不同部位以3、9、18 g/kg的剂量每日一次口服给予大鼠。建模后，取样本进行组织病理学和生化分析以阐明机制。此外，利用灰色关联分析（GRA）建立药效学指标与色谱图谱之间的关系。然后，进一步验证潜在活性成分党参苷I（TSI）和党参炔苷（LBT）的抗胃溃疡作用。
党参不同品种和部位预处理可有效改善大鼠胃损伤并降低溃疡指数，其中CPM效果最佳。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性增强，丙二醛（MDA）水平降低，表明具有抗氧化作用。此外，它们通过调节炎症标志物如白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和一氧化氮（NO）的浓度表现出抗炎特性。此外，谱效关系和药效学验证结果表明，TSI和LBT可被视为党参治疗胃溃疡的主要成分。
党参对预防胃溃疡有良好效果。TSI和LBT是党参胃保护作用中潜在的活性化合物。它们共同通过抗炎和抗氧化途径发挥抗胃溃疡作用。
