Najafi Esmail, Khanjani Narges, Parastar Saeed, Azizi Shalke Behnam, Fathzadeh Yasamin, Nazari Shahram, Asgari Esrafil, Najafi Saleh Hossein
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Public Health, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 13;15(1):25303. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09624-5.
Examination of farmers' behaviors regarding pesticide application is crucial because of their influential impacts on exposure levels and general health. This research assessed pesticide-related behaviors among 151 rice farmers in Gilan Province, Iran, with a focus on their behaviors before, during, and after pesticide spraying and related health symptoms. The findings indicated that government agencies and pesticide sellers were the main sources of information on pesticides for farmers. About 83% of farmers used storerooms for the safekeeping of pesticides, while only 55% of them reported using personal protective equipment. A majority of farmers followed safety measures after spraying. Of the types of personal protective equipment, masks were the most used (80%). Neurological (35%) and respiratory (34.4%) symptoms were the most reported symptoms. Neglecting to shower was associated with ear, nose, and throat symptoms (p = 0.014), and failure to change clothes was linked to neurological and musculoskeletal symptoms (respectively, p = 0.001, p = 0.006). Eating food after spraying was associated with neurological, urological, and skin symptoms (respectively, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001), eating vegetables after spraying was linked to the presence of digestive symptoms (p = 0.047), and drinking water after spraying was associated with musculoskeletal symptoms (p = 0.001). Targeted education campaigns, in addition to direct monitoring and continuous research, should be conducted among farming communities in northern Iran to encourage the use of safe spraying behaviors.
由于农民在农药施用方面的行为对接触水平和总体健康有重大影响，因此对其行为进行调查至关重要。本研究评估了伊朗吉兰省151名稻农与农药相关的行为，重点关注他们在农药喷洒前、喷洒期间和喷洒后的行为以及相关的健康症状。研究结果表明，政府机构和农药销售商是农民获取农药信息的主要来源。约83%的农民使用储藏室存放农药，而只有55%的农民报告使用个人防护装备。大多数农民在喷洒后采取了安全措施。在各类个人防护装备中，口罩的使用最为普遍（80%）。神经症状（35%）和呼吸道症状（34.4%）是报告最多的症状。不洗澡与耳、鼻、喉症状相关（p = 0.014），不换衣服与神经和肌肉骨骼症状相关（分别为p = 0.001，p = 0.006）。喷洒后进食与神经、泌尿和皮肤症状相关（分别为p < 0.001，p < 0.001，p < 0.001），喷洒后食用蔬菜与消化系统症状的出现相关（p = 0.047），喷洒后饮水与肌肉骨骼症状相关（p = 0.001）。除了直接监测和持续研究外，还应在伊朗北部的农业社区开展有针对性的教育活动，以鼓励采用安全的喷洒行为。
