GT1通过影响茉莉酸途径调控玉米性别决定。

GT1 regulates maize sex determination by affecting the jasmonate pathway.

作者信息

Lin Zhen, Yang Jing, Liu Shengnan, Bai Yan, Li Weihang, Lai Jinsheng, Song Weibin, Zhao Haiming, Liu Qiujie

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.

Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.

出版信息

Plant J. 2025 Jul;123(1):e70306. doi: 10.1111/tpj.70306.

DOI:10.1111/tpj.70306

PMID:40654294

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a monoecious plant with male and female flowers physically separated on different inflorescences-the tassel and the ear. Maize sex determination is controlled by a series of complicated developmental signals. Here, we characterized an EMS-induced maize feminized tassel mutant,tasselsilk1 (tsk1), and identified GRASSY TILLERS1 (GT1) as the causative gene. Phenotypic analysis of tsk1 mutants revealed that pistils fail to abort in both the tassel and ear, resulting in long sterile silks in the tassel and the development of an extra small kernel from the lower floret in the ear. RNA-seq and CUT&Tag analysis indicated that GT1 functioned as a repressor for flower organ development by regulating the JA biosynthesis and signaling pathways, specifically by directly promoting the expression of TASSELSEED1 (TS1), ZmMYC2A, ZmMYC2B. Together, we identified a new allele of GT1 and proposed that GT1 functions through JA biosynthesis and signaling pathways to regulate sex determination in maize.

摘要

玉米（Zea mays L.）是一种雌雄同株的植物，其雄花和雌花在不同的花序上——雄穗和雌穗——在物理上是分开的。玉米的性别决定受一系列复杂的发育信号控制。在这里，我们对一个经甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变的玉米雌性化雄穗突变体tasselsilk1（tsk1）进行了表征，并鉴定出GRASSY TILLERS1（GT1）为致病基因。tsk1突变体的表型分析表明，雌蕊在雄穗和雌穗中均未能败育，导致雄穗中出现长的不育花丝，并且雌穗下部小花发育出额外的小籽粒。RNA测序和切割与标签分析表明，GT1通过调节茉莉酸（JA）生物合成和信号通路，特别是通过直接促进TASSELSEED1（TS1）、ZmMYC2A、ZmMYC2B的表达，作为花器官发育的抑制因子发挥作用。我们共同鉴定出GT1的一个新等位基因，并提出GT1通过JA生物合成和信号通路发挥作用来调节玉米的性别决定。