Tamouza Ryad, Leboyer Marion, Vieillard Vincent
Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision en Psychiatrie (FHU ADAPT, DMU IMPACT), Fondation FondaMental, F-94010, Créteil, France.
ECNP Network of Immuno-NeuroPsychiatry, France.
Neurosci Appl. 2024 Apr 11;3:104066. doi: 10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104066. eCollection 2024.
Neuroinflammation and peripheral immune dysregulations, affecting both innate and adaptive immune responses, have repeatedly been demonstrated in bipolar disorder (BD). Given the increased susceptibility to infections, the chronic inflammation and autoimmune processes, abnormalities affecting the natural killer (NK) cells compartment are likely to play an important role in the pathophysiology of BD. We here address this question by describing current knowledge regarding phenotypic and functional characteristics of NK cells in BD in the context of well-established environmental risk factors as well as crosstalk between NK cells and other immune cells. Patients with BD show a permanent activation of NK cells along with a specific expansion of a cell subset, called "adaptive NK cells", usually associated with several viral infections. We thus discuss the putative role of non-resolved infectious events in BD, possibly arising from suboptimal, genetically determined, anti-infectious responses or from yet to be identified other pathophysiological processes. The observed deregulation of NK cells in patients with BD may contribute to impaired immune functions, heightened inflammation, neuro-immune damage as well as cognitive decline and resistance to treatment, thus stressing the need of a deeper analysis of these immune cells in BD.
神经炎症和外周免疫失调，影响先天性和适应性免疫反应，在双相情感障碍（BD）中反复得到证实。鉴于对感染的易感性增加、慢性炎症和自身免疫过程，影响自然杀伤（NK）细胞区室的异常可能在BD的病理生理学中起重要作用。我们在此通过描述关于BD中NK细胞的表型和功能特征的现有知识来解决这个问题，这些知识涉及既定的环境危险因素以及NK细胞与其他免疫细胞之间的相互作用。BD患者表现出NK细胞的持续激活以及一个称为“适应性NK细胞”的细胞亚群的特异性扩增，该亚群通常与多种病毒感染有关。因此，我们讨论了BD中未解决的感染事件的假定作用，这可能源于次优的、由基因决定的抗感染反应或尚未确定的其他病理生理过程。在BD患者中观察到的NK细胞失调可能导致免疫功能受损、炎症加剧、神经免疫损伤以及认知能力下降和治疗抵抗，因此强调需要对BD中的这些免疫细胞进行更深入的分析。
